The development and initial validation of self‐report measures of ICD‐11 depressive episode and generalized anxiety disorder: The International Depression Questionnaire (IDQ) and the International Anxiety Questionnaire (IAQ)

Mark Shevlin; Philip Hyland; Sarah Butter; Orla McBride; Todd K. Hartman; Thanos Karatzias; Richard P. Bentall

doi:10.1002/jclp.23446

The development and initial validation of self‐report measures of ICD‐11 depressive episode and generalized anxiety disorder: The International Depression Questionnaire (IDQ) and the International Anxiety Questionnaire (IAQ)

Mark Shevlin
, Philip Hyland
, Sarah Butter
, Orla McBride
, Todd K. Hartman
, Thanos Karatzias
, Richard P. Bentall

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

33 Citations (Scopus)

125 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Background: The new International Classification of Diseases came into effect in 2022 (ICD‐11; World Health Organization, 2022) and included updated descriptions and diagnostic rules for “Depressive Episode” and “Generalized Anxiety Disorder.” No self‐report measures align with these disorders so this study reports the development and initial validation of the “International Depression Questionnaire” (IDQ) and “International Anxiety Questionnaire” (IAQ).

Methods: Items were developed that aligned to the ICD‐11 descriptions and their performance was assessed using data from a community sample (N = 2058) that was representative of the United Kingdom adult population.

Results: Item response theory models indicated that the two scales were unidimensional, and the items performed well in terms of difficulty and discrimination. Estimates of internal reliability were high. Based on ICD‐11 derived diagnostic algorithms, 7.4% met requirements for ICD‐11 Depressive Episode and 7.1% for Generalized Anxiety Disorder.

Conclusions: The IDQ and the IAQ are short, easy to use, self‐report measures aligned to the new and updated ICD‐11 diagnostic descriptions. This study provides initial evidence that the scales produce scores that are reliable and valid.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	854-870
Number of pages	17
Journal	Journal of Clinical Psychology
Volume	79
Issue number	3
Early online date	10 Oct 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23446
Publication status	Published (in print/issue) - 10 Oct 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding information
Economic and Social Research Council

Funding Information:
The initial stages of this project were supported by start‐up funds from the University of Sheffield (Department of Psychology, the Sheffield Methods Institute and the Higher Education Innovation Fund via an Impact Acceleration grant administered by the university) and by the Faculty of Life and Health Sciences at Ulster University. The research was subsequently supported by UK Research and Innovation/Economic and Social Research Council funding (grant ref. ES/V004379/1) and awarded to R. P. B, T. K. H, M. S, O. McB.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Psychology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Funding Information:
The initial stages of this project were supported by start‐up funds from the University of Sheffield (Department of Psychology, the Sheffield Methods Institute and the Higher Education Innovation Fund via an Impact Acceleration grant administered by the university) and by the Faculty of Life and Health Sciences at Ulster University. The research was subsequently supported by UK Research and Innovation/Economic and Social Research Council funding (grant ref. ES/V004379/1) and awarded to R. P. B, T. K. H, M. S, O. McB.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Psychology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Psychology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Funding

Funding information Economic and Social Research Council Funding Information: The initial stages of this project were supported by start‐up funds from the University of Sheffield (Department of Psychology, the Sheffield Methods Institute and the Higher Education Innovation Fund via an Impact Acceleration grant administered by the university) and by the Faculty of Life and Health Sciences at Ulster University. The research was subsequently supported by UK Research and Innovation/Economic and Social Research Council funding (grant ref. ES/V004379/1) and awarded to R. P. B, T. K. H, M. S, O. McB. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Psychology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Funding Information: The initial stages of this project were supported by start‐up funds from the University of Sheffield (Department of Psychology, the Sheffield Methods Institute and the Higher Education Innovation Fund via an Impact Acceleration grant administered by the university) and by the Faculty of Life and Health Sciences at Ulster University. The research was subsequently supported by UK Research and Innovation/Economic and Social Research Council funding (grant ref. ES/V004379/1) and awarded to R. P. B, T. K. H, M. S, O. McB. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Psychology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Psychology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

anxiety
depression
Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous)
Clinical Psychology

Access to Document

10.1002/jclp.23446

jclp.23446.pdfFinal published version, 880 KBLicence: CC BY

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'The development and initial validation of self‐report measures of ICD‐11 depressive episode and generalized anxiety disorder: The International Depression Questionnaire (IDQ) and the International Anxiety Questionnaire (IAQ)'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this

Shevlin, M., Hyland, P., Butter, S., McBride, O., Hartman, T. K., Karatzias, T., & Bentall, R. P. (2022). The development and initial validation of self‐report measures of ICD‐11 depressive episode and generalized anxiety disorder: The International Depression Questionnaire (IDQ) and the International Anxiety Questionnaire (IAQ). Journal of Clinical Psychology, 79(3), 854-870. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23446

@article{de75e00acfea4a5eb058e0ba43e45980,

title = "The development and initial validation of self‐report measures of ICD‐11 depressive episode and generalized anxiety disorder: The International Depression Questionnaire (IDQ) and the International Anxiety Questionnaire (IAQ)",

abstract = "Background: The new International Classification of Diseases came into effect in 2022 (ICD‐11; World Health Organization, 2022) and included updated descriptions and diagnostic rules for “Depressive Episode” and “Generalized Anxiety Disorder.” No self‐report measures align with these disorders so this study reports the development and initial validation of the “International Depression Questionnaire” (IDQ) and “International Anxiety Questionnaire” (IAQ). Methods: Items were developed that aligned to the ICD‐11 descriptions and their performance was assessed using data from a community sample (N = 2058) that was representative of the United Kingdom adult population. Results: Item response theory models indicated that the two scales were unidimensional, and the items performed well in terms of difficulty and discrimination. Estimates of internal reliability were high. Based on ICD‐11 derived diagnostic algorithms, 7.4\% met requirements for ICD‐11 Depressive Episode and 7.1\% for Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Conclusions: The IDQ and the IAQ are short, easy to use, self‐report measures aligned to the new and updated ICD‐11 diagnostic descriptions. This study provides initial evidence that the scales produce scores that are reliable and valid.",

keywords = "anxiety, depression, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Clinical Psychology",

author = "Mark Shevlin and Philip Hyland and Sarah Butter and Orla McBride and Hartman, \{Todd K.\} and Thanos Karatzias and Bentall, \{Richard P.\}",

note = "Funding information Economic and Social Research Council Funding Information: The initial stages of this project were supported by start‐up funds from the University of Sheffield (Department of Psychology, the Sheffield Methods Institute and the Higher Education Innovation Fund via an Impact Acceleration grant administered by the university) and by the Faculty of Life and Health Sciences at Ulster University. The research was subsequently supported by UK Research and Innovation/Economic and Social Research Council funding (grant ref. ES/V004379/1) and awarded to R. P. B, T. K. H, M. S, O. McB. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Psychology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Funding Information: The initial stages of this project were supported by start‐up funds from the University of Sheffield (Department of Psychology, the Sheffield Methods Institute and the Higher Education Innovation Fund via an Impact Acceleration grant administered by the university) and by the Faculty of Life and Health Sciences at Ulster University. The research was subsequently supported by UK Research and Innovation/Economic and Social Research Council funding (grant ref. ES/V004379/1) and awarded to R. P. B, T. K. H, M. S, O. McB. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Psychology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. {\textcopyright} 2022 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Psychology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.",

year = "2022",

month = oct,

day = "10",

doi = "10.1002/jclp.23446",

language = "English",

volume = "79",

pages = "854--870",

journal = "Journal of Clinical Psychology",

issn = "0021-9762",

publisher = "John Wiley \& Sons Inc.",

number = "3",

}

Shevlin, M, Hyland, P, Butter, S , McBride, O, Hartman, TK, Karatzias, T & Bentall, RP 2022, 'The development and initial validation of self‐report measures of ICD‐11 depressive episode and generalized anxiety disorder: The International Depression Questionnaire (IDQ) and the International Anxiety Questionnaire (IAQ)', Journal of Clinical Psychology, vol. 79, no. 3, pp. 854-870. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23446

The development and initial validation of self‐report measures of ICD‐11 depressive episode and generalized anxiety disorder: The International Depression Questionnaire (IDQ) and the International Anxiety Questionnaire (IAQ). / Shevlin, Mark; Hyland, Philip; Butter, Sarah et al.
In: Journal of Clinical Psychology, Vol. 79, No. 3, 10.10.2022, p. 854-870.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - The development and initial validation of self‐report measures of ICD‐11 depressive episode and generalized anxiety disorder: The International Depression Questionnaire (IDQ) and the International Anxiety Questionnaire (IAQ)

AU - Shevlin, Mark

AU - Hyland, Philip

AU - Butter, Sarah

AU - McBride, Orla

AU - Hartman, Todd K.

AU - Karatzias, Thanos

AU - Bentall, Richard P.

N1 - Funding information Economic and Social Research Council Funding Information: The initial stages of this project were supported by start‐up funds from the University of Sheffield (Department of Psychology, the Sheffield Methods Institute and the Higher Education Innovation Fund via an Impact Acceleration grant administered by the university) and by the Faculty of Life and Health Sciences at Ulster University. The research was subsequently supported by UK Research and Innovation/Economic and Social Research Council funding (grant ref. ES/V004379/1) and awarded to R. P. B, T. K. H, M. S, O. McB. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Psychology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Funding Information: The initial stages of this project were supported by start‐up funds from the University of Sheffield (Department of Psychology, the Sheffield Methods Institute and the Higher Education Innovation Fund via an Impact Acceleration grant administered by the university) and by the Faculty of Life and Health Sciences at Ulster University. The research was subsequently supported by UK Research and Innovation/Economic and Social Research Council funding (grant ref. ES/V004379/1) and awarded to R. P. B, T. K. H, M. S, O. McB. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Psychology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Psychology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

PY - 2022/10/10

Y1 - 2022/10/10

N2 - Background: The new International Classification of Diseases came into effect in 2022 (ICD‐11; World Health Organization, 2022) and included updated descriptions and diagnostic rules for “Depressive Episode” and “Generalized Anxiety Disorder.” No self‐report measures align with these disorders so this study reports the development and initial validation of the “International Depression Questionnaire” (IDQ) and “International Anxiety Questionnaire” (IAQ). Methods: Items were developed that aligned to the ICD‐11 descriptions and their performance was assessed using data from a community sample (N = 2058) that was representative of the United Kingdom adult population. Results: Item response theory models indicated that the two scales were unidimensional, and the items performed well in terms of difficulty and discrimination. Estimates of internal reliability were high. Based on ICD‐11 derived diagnostic algorithms, 7.4% met requirements for ICD‐11 Depressive Episode and 7.1% for Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Conclusions: The IDQ and the IAQ are short, easy to use, self‐report measures aligned to the new and updated ICD‐11 diagnostic descriptions. This study provides initial evidence that the scales produce scores that are reliable and valid.

AB - Background: The new International Classification of Diseases came into effect in 2022 (ICD‐11; World Health Organization, 2022) and included updated descriptions and diagnostic rules for “Depressive Episode” and “Generalized Anxiety Disorder.” No self‐report measures align with these disorders so this study reports the development and initial validation of the “International Depression Questionnaire” (IDQ) and “International Anxiety Questionnaire” (IAQ). Methods: Items were developed that aligned to the ICD‐11 descriptions and their performance was assessed using data from a community sample (N = 2058) that was representative of the United Kingdom adult population. Results: Item response theory models indicated that the two scales were unidimensional, and the items performed well in terms of difficulty and discrimination. Estimates of internal reliability were high. Based on ICD‐11 derived diagnostic algorithms, 7.4% met requirements for ICD‐11 Depressive Episode and 7.1% for Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Conclusions: The IDQ and the IAQ are short, easy to use, self‐report measures aligned to the new and updated ICD‐11 diagnostic descriptions. This study provides initial evidence that the scales produce scores that are reliable and valid.

KW - anxiety

KW - depression

KW - Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous)

KW - Clinical Psychology

U2 - 10.1002/jclp.23446

DO - 10.1002/jclp.23446

M3 - Article

C2 - 36215152

SN - 0021-9762

VL - 79

SP - 854

EP - 870

JO - Journal of Clinical Psychology

JF - Journal of Clinical Psychology

IS - 3

ER -

Shevlin M, Hyland P, Butter S , McBride O, Hartman TK, Karatzias T et al. The development and initial validation of self‐report measures of ICD‐11 depressive episode and generalized anxiety disorder: The International Depression Questionnaire (IDQ) and the International Anxiety Questionnaire (IAQ). Journal of Clinical Psychology. 2022 Oct 10;79(3):854-870. Epub 2022 Oct 10. doi: 10.1002/jclp.23446