Abstract
The dispatch-down of excess wind energy is a growing concern, especially for countries integrating high levels of variable renewable energy. Demand flexibility presents an opportunity to move consumers loads to periods of excess wind energy, which could provide numerous values to the system. While previous research has focused on managing wind energy curtailment (a system-wide issue), much wind energy is rejected due to constraint (a local issue) and hence can only be resolved by local load-on-demand. This paper provides a framework to assess the value of demand flexibility for managing wind energy constraint and curtailment. A methodology to determine the optimal number of subscribers to yield sufficient reduction in excess wind energy while ensuring reasonable cost savings for the subscribers is developed. Analysis shows that this optimal number of subscribers could provide a 67% reduction in constraint and a 74% reduction in curtailment. Consumers can save up to £220 per year, depending on their priority in the dispatch process. A 10-MW wind farm could earn £19,400 annually from avoided curtailments. System operators could save up to 78% on constraint payments. The paper also assesses the network impact of flexible loads and provides a methodology for calculating the heat-pump hosting capacity of the grid.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 487-500 |
Number of pages | 14 |
Journal | Renewable Energy |
Volume | 190 |
Early online date | 26 Mar 2022 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published (in print/issue) - 1 May 2022 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This work is funded by the European Union's INTERREG VA Programme [Grant Number IVA5038 ], managed by the Special EU Programmes Body (SEUPB), and is a part of the SPIRE 2 project. The views and opinions expressed in this document do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission or the Special EU Programmes Body (SEUPB).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors
Keywords
- Wind dispatch-down
- Fuel poverty
- Constraint payments
- Wind distribution optimization
- Network hosting analysis
- Peak demand reduction