Update and guidance on management of myopia. European Society of Ophthalmology in cooperation with International Myopia Institute

janos nemeth; Beáta  Tapasztó; Wagih A  Aclimandos; Philippe  Kestelyn; Jonas  Jost; Jan-Tjeerd H N De Faber; Ingrida  Januleviciene; Andrzej  Grzybowski; Zoltán Zsolt  Nagy; Olavi  Pärssinen; Jeremy Guggenheim; Peter Allen; Rigmor Baraas; Kathryn J Saunders; Daniel Ian Flitcroft; Lyle Gray; Jan Roelof  Polling; Annechien EG  Haarman; J Willem L  Tideman; James  Wolffsohn; Wahl; Jeroen A  Mulder; Irina Yurievna S mirnova; Marino  Formenti; Hema  Radhakrishnan; Serge  Resnikoff

doi:10.1177/1120672121998960

Update and guidance on management of myopia. European Society of Ophthalmology in cooperation with International Myopia Institute

janos nemeth, Beáta Tapasztó, Wagih A Aclimandos, Philippe Kestelyn, Jonas Jost, Jan-Tjeerd H N De Faber, Ingrida Januleviciene, Andrzej Grzybowski, Zoltán Zsolt Nagy, Olavi Pärssinen, Jeremy Guggenheim, Peter Allen, Rigmor Baraas, Kathryn J Saunders, Daniel Ian Flitcroft, Lyle Gray, Jan Roelof Polling, Annechien EG Haarman, J Willem L Tideman, James WolffsohnWahl, Jeroen A Mulder, Irina Yurievna S mirnova, Marino Formenti, Hema Radhakrishnan, Serge Resnikoff

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Abstract

The prevalence of myopia is increasing extensively worldwide. The number of people with myopia in 2020 is predicted to be 2.6 billion globally, which is expected to rise up to 4.9 billion by 2050, unless preventive actions and interventions are taken. The number of individuals with high myopia is also increasing substantially and pathological myopia is predicted to become the most common cause of irreversible vision impairment and blindness worldwide and also in Europe. These prevalence estimates indicate the importance of reducing the burden of myopia by means of myopia control interventions to prevent myopia onset and to slow down myopia progression. Due to the urgency of the situation, the European Society of Ophthalmology decided to publish this update of the current information and guidance on management of myopia. The pathogenesis and genetics of myopia are also summarized and epidemiology, risk factors, preventive and treatment options are discussed in details.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	853-883
Number of pages	31
Journal	European Journal of Ophthalmology
Volume	31
Issue number	3
Early online date	5 Mar 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1177/1120672121998960
Publication status	Published (in print/issue) - 1 May 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: AG is funded by Institute for Research in Ophthalmology (Number: Unrestricted Grant 1/2020). JAG is funded by Welsh Government and Fight for Sight (Number: 24WG201). The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the online publication of this article: The open access fee for this publication is paid by the International Myopia Institute (IMI).

Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2021.

Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

Keywords

Myopia
atropine
blindness
myopia reduction interventions
orthokeratology
pathologic myopia
preventive medicine
time spent outdoors

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1177/1120672121998960Licence: CC BY-NC

1120672121998960Final published version, 745 KBLicence: CC BY-NC

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nemeth, J., Tapasztó, B., Aclimandos, W. A., Kestelyn, P., Jost, J., De Faber, J.-T. H. N., Januleviciene, I., Grzybowski, A., Nagy, Z. Z., Pärssinen, O., Guggenheim, J., Allen, P., Baraas, R., Saunders, K. J., Flitcroft, D. I., Gray, L., Polling, J. R., Haarman, A. EG., Tideman, J. W. L., ... Resnikoff, S. (2021). Update and guidance on management of myopia. European Society of Ophthalmology in cooperation with International Myopia Institute. European Journal of Ophthalmology, 31(3), 853-883. https://doi.org/10.1177/1120672121998960

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abstract = "The prevalence of myopia is increasing extensively worldwide. The number of people with myopia in 2020 is predicted to be 2.6 billion globally, which is expected to rise up to 4.9 billion by 2050, unless preventive actions and interventions are taken. The number of individuals with high myopia is also increasing substantially and pathological myopia is predicted to become the most common cause of irreversible vision impairment and blindness worldwide and also in Europe. These prevalence estimates indicate the importance of reducing the burden of myopia by means of myopia control interventions to prevent myopia onset and to slow down myopia progression. Due to the urgency of the situation, the European Society of Ophthalmology decided to publish this update of the current information and guidance on management of myopia. The pathogenesis and genetics of myopia are also summarized and epidemiology, risk factors, preventive and treatment options are discussed in details.",

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author = "janos nemeth and Be{\'a}ta Tapaszt{\'o} and Aclimandos, {Wagih A} and Philippe Kestelyn and Jonas Jost and {De Faber}, {Jan-Tjeerd H N} and Ingrida Januleviciene and Andrzej Grzybowski and Nagy, {Zolt{\'a}n Zsolt} and Olavi P{\"a}rssinen and Jeremy Guggenheim and Peter Allen and Rigmor Baraas and Saunders, {Kathryn J} and Flitcroft, {Daniel Ian} and Lyle Gray and Polling, {Jan Roelof} and Haarman, {Annechien EG} and Tideman, {J Willem L} and James Wolffsohn and Wahl and Mulder, {Jeroen A} and mirnova, {Irina Yurievna S} and Marino Formenti and Hema Radhakrishnan and Serge Resnikoff",

note = "Funding Information: The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: AG is funded by Institute for Research in Ophthalmology (Number: Unrestricted Grant 1/2020). JAG is funded by Welsh Government and Fight for Sight (Number: 24WG201). The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the online publication of this article: The open access fee for this publication is paid by the International Myopia Institute (IMI). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2021. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

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nemeth, J, Tapasztó, B, Aclimandos, WA, Kestelyn, P, Jost, J, De Faber, J-THN, Januleviciene, I, Grzybowski, A, Nagy, ZZ, Pärssinen, O, Guggenheim, J, Allen, P, Baraas, R, Saunders, KJ, Flitcroft, DI, Gray, L, Polling, JR, Haarman, AEG, Tideman, JWL, Wolffsohn, J, Wahl, Mulder, JA, mirnova, IYS, Formenti, M, Radhakrishnan, H & Resnikoff, S 2021, 'Update and guidance on management of myopia. European Society of Ophthalmology in cooperation with International Myopia Institute', European Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 853-883. https://doi.org/10.1177/1120672121998960

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AU - nemeth, janos

AU - Tapasztó, Beáta

AU - Aclimandos, Wagih A

AU - Kestelyn, Philippe

AU - Jost, Jonas

AU - De Faber, Jan-Tjeerd H N

AU - Januleviciene, Ingrida

AU - Grzybowski, Andrzej

AU - Nagy, Zoltán Zsolt

AU - Pärssinen, Olavi

AU - Guggenheim, Jeremy

AU - Allen, Peter

AU - Baraas, Rigmor

AU - Saunders, Kathryn J

AU - Flitcroft, Daniel Ian

AU - Gray, Lyle

AU - Polling, Jan Roelof

AU - Haarman, Annechien EG

AU - Tideman, J Willem L

AU - Wolffsohn, James

AU - Wahl,

AU - Mulder, Jeroen A

AU - mirnova, Irina Yurievna S

AU - Formenti, Marino

AU - Radhakrishnan, Hema

AU - Resnikoff, Serge

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N2 - The prevalence of myopia is increasing extensively worldwide. The number of people with myopia in 2020 is predicted to be 2.6 billion globally, which is expected to rise up to 4.9 billion by 2050, unless preventive actions and interventions are taken. The number of individuals with high myopia is also increasing substantially and pathological myopia is predicted to become the most common cause of irreversible vision impairment and blindness worldwide and also in Europe. These prevalence estimates indicate the importance of reducing the burden of myopia by means of myopia control interventions to prevent myopia onset and to slow down myopia progression. Due to the urgency of the situation, the European Society of Ophthalmology decided to publish this update of the current information and guidance on management of myopia. The pathogenesis and genetics of myopia are also summarized and epidemiology, risk factors, preventive and treatment options are discussed in details.

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KW - atropine

KW - blindness

KW - myopia reduction interventions

KW - orthokeratology

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KW - time spent outdoors

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ER -

Update and guidance on management of myopia. European Society of Ophthalmology in cooperation with International Myopia Institute

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

Access to Document

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