Three-dimensional Si / vertically oriented graphene nanowalls composite for supercapacitor applications

Shahzad Hussain; Roger Amade; A Boyd; Arevik  Musheghyan-Avetisyan; Islam Alshaikh; Joan Martí-Gonzalez; Esther  Pascual; BJ Meenan; Enric  Bertran-Serra

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.04.190

Three-dimensional Si / vertically oriented graphene nanowalls composite for supercapacitor applications

Shahzad Hussain, Roger Amade, A Boyd, Arevik Musheghyan-Avetisyan , Islam Alshaikh, Joan Martí-Gonzalez, Esther Pascual, BJ Meenan, Enric Bertran-Serra

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Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) carbon nanostructures are promising architectures to improve both specific capacity and power density of electrochemical energy storage systems. Their open structure and porosity provide a large space for active sites and high ion diffusion rates. To further increase their specific capacity, they can be combined with metal oxides. However, this combination often results in the loss of cycling stability and power density. Among the different electrode materials being studied, vertically oriented graphene nanowalls (VG) have recently been put forward as a potential candidate. Here, we report the use of VG covered by Si for increased supercapacitor performance. VG were grown on flexible graphite sheet (FGS) substrate by inductively coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition (ICP CVD). Furthermore, silicon (Si) was deposited by magnetron sputtering on VG and the electrochemical performance studied in ionic liquid (IL) electrolyte. The incorporation of Si in VG/FGS provides an areal capacitance up to 16.4 mF cm−2, which is a factor 2 and 1.4 greater than that of bare substrate and VG/FGS, respectively. This increase in capacitance does not penalize the cycling stability of Si/VG/GS, which remains outstanding up to 10,000 cycles in IL. In addition, the relaxation time constant decreases from 9.1 to 0.56 ms after Si deposition on VG/FGS.

Original language	English
Article number	CERI 28591
Pages (from-to)	21751-21758
Number of pages	8
Journal	Ceramics International
Volume	47
Issue number	15
Early online date	23 Apr 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.04.190
Publication status	Published online - 23 Apr 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge financial support of the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINECO) under Project No. ENE2017-89210-C2-2-R . The ENPHOCAMAT (FEMAN) group acknowledges support from the AGAUR of Generalitat de Catalunya , Project No. 2017SGR0985 . Two authors (A.M.-A. and J.M.-G.) acknowledge the financial support from their respective APIF grants from Universitat de Barcelona . The authors thank the CCiT-UB technicians for their support in the characterization techniques used to obtain the results of this publication.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

Keywords

Flexible Substrate
Vertically Oriented Graphene
Si
Nanocomposite
Supercapacitor
Flexible substrate
Vertically oriented graphene
Supercapacitors

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10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.04.190

Revised Manuscript-CERI-Accepted Version-Apr2021Author Accepted Manuscript, 1.69 MB

Cite this

Hussain, S., Amade, R., Boyd, A., Musheghyan-Avetisyan , A., Alshaikh, I., Martí-Gonzalez, J., Pascual, E., Meenan, BJ., & Bertran-Serra, E. (2021). Three-dimensional Si / vertically oriented graphene nanowalls composite for supercapacitor applications. Ceramics International, 47(15), 21751-21758. Article CERI 28591. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.04.190

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abstract = "Three-dimensional (3D) carbon nanostructures are promising architectures to improve both specific capacity and power density of electrochemical energy storage systems. Their open structure and porosity provide a large space for active sites and high ion diffusion rates. To further increase their specific capacity, they can be combined with metal oxides. However, this combination often results in the loss of cycling stability and power density. Among the different electrode materials being studied, vertically oriented graphene nanowalls (VG) have recently been put forward as a potential candidate. Here, we report the use of VG covered by Si for increased supercapacitor performance. VG were grown on flexible graphite sheet (FGS) substrate by inductively coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition (ICP CVD). Furthermore, silicon (Si) was deposited by magnetron sputtering on VG and the electrochemical performance studied in ionic liquid (IL) electrolyte. The incorporation of Si in VG/FGS provides an areal capacitance up to 16.4 mF cm−2, which is a factor 2 and 1.4 greater than that of bare substrate and VG/FGS, respectively. This increase in capacitance does not penalize the cycling stability of Si/VG/GS, which remains outstanding up to 10,000 cycles in IL. In addition, the relaxation time constant decreases from 9.1 to 0.56 ms after Si deposition on VG/FGS.",

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author = "Shahzad Hussain and Roger Amade and A Boyd and Arevik Musheghyan-Avetisyan and Islam Alshaikh and Joan Mart{\'i}-Gonzalez and Esther Pascual and BJ Meenan and Enric Bertran-Serra",

note = "Funding Information: The authors acknowledge financial support of the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINECO) under Project No. ENE2017-89210-C2-2-R . The ENPHOCAMAT (FEMAN) group acknowledges support from the AGAUR of Generalitat de Catalunya , Project No. 2017SGR0985 . Two authors (A.M.-A. and J.M.-G.) acknowledge the financial support from their respective APIF grants from Universitat de Barcelona . The authors thank the CCiT-UB technicians for their support in the characterization techniques used to obtain the results of this publication. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.",

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AU - Amade, Roger

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AU - Alshaikh, Islam

AU - Martí-Gonzalez, Joan

AU - Pascual, Esther

AU - Meenan, BJ

AU - Bertran-Serra, Enric

N1 - Funding Information: The authors acknowledge financial support of the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINECO) under Project No. ENE2017-89210-C2-2-R . The ENPHOCAMAT (FEMAN) group acknowledges support from the AGAUR of Generalitat de Catalunya , Project No. 2017SGR0985 . Two authors (A.M.-A. and J.M.-G.) acknowledge the financial support from their respective APIF grants from Universitat de Barcelona . The authors thank the CCiT-UB technicians for their support in the characterization techniques used to obtain the results of this publication. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

PY - 2021/4/23

Y1 - 2021/4/23

N2 - Three-dimensional (3D) carbon nanostructures are promising architectures to improve both specific capacity and power density of electrochemical energy storage systems. Their open structure and porosity provide a large space for active sites and high ion diffusion rates. To further increase their specific capacity, they can be combined with metal oxides. However, this combination often results in the loss of cycling stability and power density. Among the different electrode materials being studied, vertically oriented graphene nanowalls (VG) have recently been put forward as a potential candidate. Here, we report the use of VG covered by Si for increased supercapacitor performance. VG were grown on flexible graphite sheet (FGS) substrate by inductively coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition (ICP CVD). Furthermore, silicon (Si) was deposited by magnetron sputtering on VG and the electrochemical performance studied in ionic liquid (IL) electrolyte. The incorporation of Si in VG/FGS provides an areal capacitance up to 16.4 mF cm−2, which is a factor 2 and 1.4 greater than that of bare substrate and VG/FGS, respectively. This increase in capacitance does not penalize the cycling stability of Si/VG/GS, which remains outstanding up to 10,000 cycles in IL. In addition, the relaxation time constant decreases from 9.1 to 0.56 ms after Si deposition on VG/FGS.

AB - Three-dimensional (3D) carbon nanostructures are promising architectures to improve both specific capacity and power density of electrochemical energy storage systems. Their open structure and porosity provide a large space for active sites and high ion diffusion rates. To further increase their specific capacity, they can be combined with metal oxides. However, this combination often results in the loss of cycling stability and power density. Among the different electrode materials being studied, vertically oriented graphene nanowalls (VG) have recently been put forward as a potential candidate. Here, we report the use of VG covered by Si for increased supercapacitor performance. VG were grown on flexible graphite sheet (FGS) substrate by inductively coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition (ICP CVD). Furthermore, silicon (Si) was deposited by magnetron sputtering on VG and the electrochemical performance studied in ionic liquid (IL) electrolyte. The incorporation of Si in VG/FGS provides an areal capacitance up to 16.4 mF cm−2, which is a factor 2 and 1.4 greater than that of bare substrate and VG/FGS, respectively. This increase in capacitance does not penalize the cycling stability of Si/VG/GS, which remains outstanding up to 10,000 cycles in IL. In addition, the relaxation time constant decreases from 9.1 to 0.56 ms after Si deposition on VG/FGS.

KW - Flexible Substrate

KW - Vertically Oriented Graphene

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KW - Nanocomposite

KW - Supercapacitor

KW - Flexible substrate

KW - Vertically oriented graphene

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DO - 10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.04.190

M3 - Article

SN - 0272-8842

VL - 47

SP - 21751

EP - 21758

JO - Ceramics International

JF - Ceramics International

IS - 15

M1 - CERI 28591

ER -

Three-dimensional Si / vertically oriented graphene nanowalls composite for supercapacitor applications

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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