The influence of fish consumption on serum n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations in women of childbearing age - a randomised controlled trial (the iFish study)

Marie Conway; Emeir M. McSorley; Maria S Mulhern; Toni Spence; Edwin van Wijngaarden; Gene Watson; Karin Wahlberg; Daniela Pineda; Karin Broberg; Barry Hyland; Diego Cobice; J.J. Strain; Alison J. Yeates

doi:10.1007/s00394-020-02326-w

The influence of fish consumption on serum n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations in women of childbearing age - a randomised controlled trial (the iFish study)

Marie Conway, Emeir M. McSorley, Maria S Mulhern, Toni Spence, Edwin van Wijngaarden, Gene Watson, Karin Wahlberg, Daniela Pineda, Karin Broberg, Barry Hyland, Diego Cobice, J.J. Strain, Alison J. Yeates

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Abstract

Purpose: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) can be synthesised endogenously from linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) in a pathway involving the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes. Endogenous synthesis is inefficient; therefore, dietary intake of preformed LCPUFA from their richest source of fish is preferred. This study investigated the effect of fish consumption on PUFA concentrations in women of childbearing age while stratifying by FADS genotype. The influence of fish consumption on lipid profile, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress was also examined. Methods: Healthy women (n = 49) provided a buccal swab which was analysed for FADS2 genotype (rs3834458; T/deletion). Participants were stratified according to genotype and randomised to an intervention group to receive either no fish (n = 18), 1 portion (n = 14) or 2 portions (n = 17) (140 g per portion) of fish per week for a period of 8 weeks. Serum PUFA was analysed at baseline and post-intervention. Lipid profile, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress were also analysed. Results: Participants consuming 2 portions of fish per week had significantly higher concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and total n-3 PUFA, and a lower n-6:n-3 ratio compared to those in the no fish or 1 portion per week group (all p < 0.05). Fish consumption did not have a significant effect on biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation and lipid profile in the current study. Conclusion: Consumption of 2 portions of fish per week has beneficial effects on biological n-3 PUFA concentrations in women of childbearing age; however, no effects on oxidative stress, inflammation or lipid profile were observed. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03765580), registered December 2018.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1-13
Number of pages	13
Journal	European Journal of Nutrition
Volume	n/a
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02326-w
Publication status	Published (in print/issue) - 28 Jul 2020

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This research was supported by the Department for Employment and Learning (DEL), Northern Ireland, the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) (Grants R01-ES010219 and P30-ES01247), the Swedish Research Council FORMAS and the Karolinska Institutet, Sweden. The study sponsors had no role in the design, collection, analysis or interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit for publication.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, The Author(s).

Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

Keywords

Docosahexaenoic acid
Eicosapentaenoic acid
FADS
Fatty acid desaturase
Fish consumption
Polyunsaturated fatty acids

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1007/s00394-020-02326-wLicence: CC BY

iFish manuscript_Conway et al - EJN - amended v3Author Accepted Manuscript, 157 KBLicence: CC BY

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Conway, M., McSorley, E. M., Mulhern, M. S., Spence, T., van Wijngaarden, E., Watson, G., Wahlberg, K., Pineda, D., Broberg, K., Hyland, B., Cobice, D., Strain, J. J., & Yeates, A. J. (2020). The influence of fish consumption on serum n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations in women of childbearing age - a randomised controlled trial (the iFish study). European Journal of Nutrition, n/a, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02326-w

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title = "The influence of fish consumption on serum n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations in women of childbearing age - a randomised controlled trial (the iFish study)",

abstract = "Purpose: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) can be synthesised endogenously from linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) in a pathway involving the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes. Endogenous synthesis is inefficient; therefore, dietary intake of preformed LCPUFA from their richest source of fish is preferred. This study investigated the effect of fish consumption on PUFA concentrations in women of childbearing age while stratifying by FADS genotype. The influence of fish consumption on lipid profile, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress was also examined. Methods: Healthy women (n = 49) provided a buccal swab which was analysed for FADS2 genotype (rs3834458; T/deletion). Participants were stratified according to genotype and randomised to an intervention group to receive either no fish (n = 18), 1 portion (n = 14) or 2 portions (n = 17) (140 g per portion) of fish per week for a period of 8 weeks. Serum PUFA was analysed at baseline and post-intervention. Lipid profile, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress were also analysed. Results: Participants consuming 2 portions of fish per week had significantly higher concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and total n-3 PUFA, and a lower n-6:n-3 ratio compared to those in the no fish or 1 portion per week group (all p < 0.05). Fish consumption did not have a significant effect on biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation and lipid profile in the current study. Conclusion: Consumption of 2 portions of fish per week has beneficial effects on biological n-3 PUFA concentrations in women of childbearing age; however, no effects on oxidative stress, inflammation or lipid profile were observed. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03765580), registered December 2018.",

keywords = "Docosahexaenoic acid, Eicosapentaenoic acid, FADS, Fatty acid desaturase, Fish consumption, Polyunsaturated fatty acids",

author = "Marie Conway and McSorley, {Emeir M.} and Mulhern, {Maria S} and Toni Spence and {van Wijngaarden}, Edwin and Gene Watson and Karin Wahlberg and Daniela Pineda and Karin Broberg and Barry Hyland and Diego Cobice and J.J. Strain and Yeates, {Alison J.}",

note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by the Department for Employment and Learning (DEL), Northern Ireland, the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) (Grants R01-ES010219 and P30-ES01247), the Swedish Research Council FORMAS and the Karolinska Institutet, Sweden. The study sponsors had no role in the design, collection, analysis or interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit for publication. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020, The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

year = "2020",

month = jul,

day = "28",

doi = "10.1007/s00394-020-02326-w",

language = "English",

volume = "n/a",

pages = "1--13",

journal = "European Journal of Nutrition",

issn = "1436-6207",

publisher = "Springer",

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Conway, M , McSorley, EM , Mulhern, MS, Spence, T, van Wijngaarden, E, Watson, G, Wahlberg, K, Pineda, D, Broberg, K, Hyland, B, Cobice, D , Strain, JJ & Yeates, AJ 2020, 'The influence of fish consumption on serum n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations in women of childbearing age - a randomised controlled trial (the iFish study)', European Journal of Nutrition, vol. n/a, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02326-w

The influence of fish consumption on serum n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations in women of childbearing age - a randomised controlled trial (the iFish study). / Conway, Marie ; McSorley, Emeir M.; Mulhern, Maria S et al.
In: European Journal of Nutrition, Vol. n/a, 28.07.2020, p. 1-13.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - The influence of fish consumption on serum n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations in women of childbearing age - a randomised controlled trial (the iFish study)

AU - Conway, Marie

AU - McSorley, Emeir M.

AU - Mulhern, Maria S

AU - Spence, Toni

AU - van Wijngaarden, Edwin

AU - Watson, Gene

AU - Wahlberg, Karin

AU - Pineda, Daniela

AU - Broberg, Karin

AU - Hyland, Barry

AU - Cobice, Diego

AU - Strain, J.J.

AU - Yeates, Alison J.

N1 - Funding Information: This research was supported by the Department for Employment and Learning (DEL), Northern Ireland, the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) (Grants R01-ES010219 and P30-ES01247), the Swedish Research Council FORMAS and the Karolinska Institutet, Sweden. The study sponsors had no role in the design, collection, analysis or interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit for publication. Publisher Copyright: © 2020, The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2020/7/28

Y1 - 2020/7/28

N2 - Purpose: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) can be synthesised endogenously from linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) in a pathway involving the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes. Endogenous synthesis is inefficient; therefore, dietary intake of preformed LCPUFA from their richest source of fish is preferred. This study investigated the effect of fish consumption on PUFA concentrations in women of childbearing age while stratifying by FADS genotype. The influence of fish consumption on lipid profile, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress was also examined. Methods: Healthy women (n = 49) provided a buccal swab which was analysed for FADS2 genotype (rs3834458; T/deletion). Participants were stratified according to genotype and randomised to an intervention group to receive either no fish (n = 18), 1 portion (n = 14) or 2 portions (n = 17) (140 g per portion) of fish per week for a period of 8 weeks. Serum PUFA was analysed at baseline and post-intervention. Lipid profile, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress were also analysed. Results: Participants consuming 2 portions of fish per week had significantly higher concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and total n-3 PUFA, and a lower n-6:n-3 ratio compared to those in the no fish or 1 portion per week group (all p < 0.05). Fish consumption did not have a significant effect on biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation and lipid profile in the current study. Conclusion: Consumption of 2 portions of fish per week has beneficial effects on biological n-3 PUFA concentrations in women of childbearing age; however, no effects on oxidative stress, inflammation or lipid profile were observed. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03765580), registered December 2018.

AB - Purpose: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) can be synthesised endogenously from linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) in a pathway involving the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes. Endogenous synthesis is inefficient; therefore, dietary intake of preformed LCPUFA from their richest source of fish is preferred. This study investigated the effect of fish consumption on PUFA concentrations in women of childbearing age while stratifying by FADS genotype. The influence of fish consumption on lipid profile, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress was also examined. Methods: Healthy women (n = 49) provided a buccal swab which was analysed for FADS2 genotype (rs3834458; T/deletion). Participants were stratified according to genotype and randomised to an intervention group to receive either no fish (n = 18), 1 portion (n = 14) or 2 portions (n = 17) (140 g per portion) of fish per week for a period of 8 weeks. Serum PUFA was analysed at baseline and post-intervention. Lipid profile, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress were also analysed. Results: Participants consuming 2 portions of fish per week had significantly higher concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and total n-3 PUFA, and a lower n-6:n-3 ratio compared to those in the no fish or 1 portion per week group (all p < 0.05). Fish consumption did not have a significant effect on biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation and lipid profile in the current study. Conclusion: Consumption of 2 portions of fish per week has beneficial effects on biological n-3 PUFA concentrations in women of childbearing age; however, no effects on oxidative stress, inflammation or lipid profile were observed. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03765580), registered December 2018.

KW - Docosahexaenoic acid

KW - Eicosapentaenoic acid

KW - FADS

KW - Fatty acid desaturase

KW - Fish consumption

KW - Polyunsaturated fatty acids

UR - https://pure.ulster.ac.uk/en/publications/the-influence-of-fish-consumption-on-serum-n-3-polyunsaturated-fa

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85088690451&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1007/s00394-020-02326-w

DO - 10.1007/s00394-020-02326-w

M3 - Article

C2 - 32725293

SN - 1436-6207

VL - n/a

SP - 1

EP - 13

JO - European Journal of Nutrition

JF - European Journal of Nutrition

ER -

The influence of fish consumption on serum n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations in women of childbearing age - a randomised controlled trial (the iFish study)

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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