TY - JOUR
T1 - The influence of fish consumption on serum n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations in women of childbearing age - a randomised controlled trial (the iFish study)
AU - Conway, Marie
AU - McSorley, Emeir M.
AU - Mulhern, Maria S
AU - Spence, Toni
AU - van Wijngaarden, Edwin
AU - Watson, Gene
AU - Wahlberg, Karin
AU - Pineda, Daniela
AU - Broberg, Karin
AU - Hyland, Barry
AU - Cobice, Diego
AU - Strain, J.J.
AU - Yeates, Alison J.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by the Department for Employment and Learning (DEL), Northern Ireland, the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) (Grants R01-ES010219 and P30-ES01247), the Swedish Research Council FORMAS and the Karolinska Institutet, Sweden. The study sponsors had no role in the design, collection, analysis or interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit for publication.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, The Author(s).
Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/7/28
Y1 - 2020/7/28
N2 - Purpose: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) can be synthesised endogenously from linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) in a pathway involving the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes. Endogenous synthesis is inefficient; therefore, dietary intake of preformed LCPUFA from their richest source of fish is preferred. This study investigated the effect of fish consumption on PUFA concentrations in women of childbearing age while stratifying by FADS genotype. The influence of fish consumption on lipid profile, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress was also examined. Methods: Healthy women (n = 49) provided a buccal swab which was analysed for FADS2 genotype (rs3834458; T/deletion). Participants were stratified according to genotype and randomised to an intervention group to receive either no fish (n = 18), 1 portion (n = 14) or 2 portions (n = 17) (140 g per portion) of fish per week for a period of 8 weeks. Serum PUFA was analysed at baseline and post-intervention. Lipid profile, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress were also analysed. Results: Participants consuming 2 portions of fish per week had significantly higher concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and total n-3 PUFA, and a lower n-6:n-3 ratio compared to those in the no fish or 1 portion per week group (all p < 0.05). Fish consumption did not have a significant effect on biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation and lipid profile in the current study. Conclusion: Consumption of 2 portions of fish per week has beneficial effects on biological n-3 PUFA concentrations in women of childbearing age; however, no effects on oxidative stress, inflammation or lipid profile were observed. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03765580), registered December 2018.
AB - Purpose: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) can be synthesised endogenously from linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) in a pathway involving the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes. Endogenous synthesis is inefficient; therefore, dietary intake of preformed LCPUFA from their richest source of fish is preferred. This study investigated the effect of fish consumption on PUFA concentrations in women of childbearing age while stratifying by FADS genotype. The influence of fish consumption on lipid profile, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress was also examined. Methods: Healthy women (n = 49) provided a buccal swab which was analysed for FADS2 genotype (rs3834458; T/deletion). Participants were stratified according to genotype and randomised to an intervention group to receive either no fish (n = 18), 1 portion (n = 14) or 2 portions (n = 17) (140 g per portion) of fish per week for a period of 8 weeks. Serum PUFA was analysed at baseline and post-intervention. Lipid profile, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress were also analysed. Results: Participants consuming 2 portions of fish per week had significantly higher concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and total n-3 PUFA, and a lower n-6:n-3 ratio compared to those in the no fish or 1 portion per week group (all p < 0.05). Fish consumption did not have a significant effect on biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation and lipid profile in the current study. Conclusion: Consumption of 2 portions of fish per week has beneficial effects on biological n-3 PUFA concentrations in women of childbearing age; however, no effects on oxidative stress, inflammation or lipid profile were observed. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03765580), registered December 2018.
KW - Docosahexaenoic acid
KW - Eicosapentaenoic acid
KW - FADS
KW - Fatty acid desaturase
KW - Fish consumption
KW - Polyunsaturated fatty acids
UR - https://pure.ulster.ac.uk/en/publications/the-influence-of-fish-consumption-on-serum-n-3-polyunsaturated-fa
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85088690451&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00394-020-02326-w
DO - 10.1007/s00394-020-02326-w
M3 - Article
C2 - 32725293
VL - n/a
SP - 1
EP - 13
JO - European Journal of Nutrition
JF - European Journal of Nutrition
SN - 1436-6207
ER -