Abstract
This paper identifies key factors that have shapedthe development of cultural tourism in postindustrial cities in the UK and presents them in aconceptual model, examining the contextual comparabilities in the transformation of many UKcities. The model is tested with qualitative datagathered through in-depth interviews with keypersonnel who have varying degrees of responsibility for economic, tourism and cultural development in Glasgow. This research indicates thatwhile there are general factors that contribute tosuccessful cultural tourism development in postindustrial cities in the UK, local contextual characteristics are influential, making the development unique to each city.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 111-128 |
| Journal | Journal of Tourism and Hospitality research |
| Volume | 6 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published (in print/issue) - 1 Feb 2006 |
Bibliographical note
Reference text: Alzua, A., O’Leary, J. T. and Morrison, A. (1998) ‘Cultural and Heritage Tourism: identifying niches for international travellers’, The Journal of Tourism Studies, 9, 2, 2-13.Bianchini, F. (1991) ‘Urban renaissance? the arts and the urban regeneration process’ in McGregor, S. and Pimlott, B. (eds) ‘Tackling the Inner Cities: The 1980’s reviewed, prospects for the 1990’s’, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 215-250.
Bianchini, F. (1993) ‘Remaking European cities: the role of cultural policies’ in
Bianchini, F. and Parkinson, M. (eds) ‘Cultural Policy and Urban Regeneration: the West European experience’, Manchester University Press, Manchester, 1-19.
Booth, P. and Boyle, R. (1993) ‘See Glasgow, see culture’ in Bianchini, F. and Parkinson, M. (eds) ‘Cultural Policy and Urban Regeneration: the West European experience’, Manchester University Press, Manchester, 21-47.
Bramwell, B. (1993) ‘Planning for tourism in an industrial city’, Town and Country Planning, Jan/Feb, 17-19.
Bramwell, B. and Rawding, L. (1994) ‘Tourism marketing organizations in industrial cities’, Tourism Management, 15, 6, 425-434.
Bramwell, B. and Rawding, L. (1996) ‘Tourism marketing images of industrial cities’, Annals of Tourism Research, 23, 1, 201-221.
Buckley, P. J. and Witt, S. F. (1985) ‘Tourism in difficult areas: case studies of
Bradford, Bristol, Glasgow and Hamm’, Tourism Management, 6, 3, 205-213.
Buckley, P. J. and Witt, S. F. (1989) ‘Tourism in difficult areas II: case studies of Calderdale, Leeds, Manchester and Scunthorpe’, Tourism Management, 10, 2, 138-152.
Chang, T. C., Milne, S., Fallon, D. and Pohlmann, C. (1996) ‘Urban Heritage Tourism: The Global-Local Nexus’, Annals of Tourism Research, 23, 2, 284-305.
Cockerell, N. (1997) ‘Urban Tourism in Europe’, Travel and Tourism Analyst, 6, 44-67.
Dellaert, B., Aloys, B. and Timmermans, H. (1995) ‘A day in the city: Using conjoint choice experiments to model urban tourists’ choice of activity packages’, Tourism Management, 16, 5, 347-353.
Ellis, A. (2003) ‘Valuing Culture’, discussion paper, Valuing Culture – Event Speeches, London, DEMOS, 1-10, available from www.demos.co.uk/catalogue/valuingculturespeeches/, accessed 12th September, 2004
Gillham, B. (2000) ‘Case Study Research Methods’, Continuum, London.
Gomez, M. V. (1998) ‘Reflective images: the case of urban regeneration in Glasgow and Bilbao’, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 22, 1, 106-121.
Hughes, H. L. (1996) ‘Redefining Cultural Tourism’, Annals of Tourism Research, 23, 3, 707-70.
Hughes, H. L. (2002) ‘Culture and tourism: a framework for further analysis’, Managing Leisure, 7, 3, 164-175.
Jansen-Verbeke, M. (1986) ‘Inner city tourism, resources, tourists, and promoters’, Annals of Tourism Research, 13, 79-100.
Jansen-Verbeke, M. (1998) ‘Tourismification of Historical Cities’, Annals of Tourism Research, 25, 3, 739-769.
Law, C. M. (1991) ‘Tourism and urban revitalisation’, East Midlands Geographer, 14, 49-60.
Law, C. M. (1993) ‘Urban Tourism: Attracting Visitors to Large Cities’, Mansell, London.
Law, C. M. (1996a) ‘Introduction’ in Law, C. M. (ed) ‘Tourism in Major Cities’, Thompson, London, 1-22.
Law, C. M. (1996b) ‘Tourism in British provincial cites: a tale of four cities’ in Law, C. M. (ed) ‘Tourism in Major Cities’, Thompson, London, 179-205.
Law, C. M. (2002) ‘Urban Tourism: The visitor economy and the growth of large cities’, second edition, Continuum, London.
Leslie, D. (2001) ‘Urban Regeneration and Glasgow’s galleries with particular reference to the Burrell Collection’ in Richards, G. (ed), ‘Cultural Attractions and European Tourism’, CABI, Oxon, 111-133.
Lim, H. (1993) ‘Cultural strategies for revitalizing the city: A review and evaluation’, Regional Studies, 27, 6, 589-595.
Medlik, S. (1996) ‘Dictionary of Travel, Tourism and Hospitality’, Second Edition, Butterworth Heinemann, London.
Meethan, K. (1996) ‘Consuming (in) the Civilized City’, Annals of Tourism Research, 23, 2, 322-340.
Mommaas, H. (2004) ‘Cultural Clusters and the Post-industrial City: Towards the Remapping of Urban Cultural Policy’, Urban Studies, 41, 3, 507-532.
Paddison, R. (1993) ‘City marketing, image reconstruction and urban regeneration’, Urban Studies, 30, 2, 339-350.
Pearce, D. G. (2001) ‘An Integrative Framework for Urban Tourism Research’, Annals of Tourism Research, 28, 4, 926-946.
Richards, G. (1994) ‘Developments in European cultural tourism’ in Seaton, A.V., Jenkins, C. L., Wood, R. C., Dieke, P. U. C., Bennett, M. M., MacLellan, L. R. and Smith, R. (eds) ‘Tourism: The State of the Art’, John Wiley, Chichester, 366-376.
Richards, G. (1996a) ‘The Scope and Significance of Cultural Tourism’ in, Richards, G. (ed), ‘Cultural Tourism in Europe’, CAB International, Oxon, 19-45.
Richards, G. (1996b) ‘Production and Consumption of European Cultural Tourism’, Annals of Tourism Research, 23, 2, 261-283.
Richards, G. (1999) ‘European Cultural Tourism, patterns and prospects’, in Dodd, D. and van Hemel, A. (eds) ‘Planning Cultural Tourism in Europe: A presentation of theories and cases’, Boekman Foundation, Amsterdam, 16-32.
Richards, G. (2000) ‘The European Cultural Capital Event: Strategic Weapon in the Cultural Arms Race?’, International Journal of Cultural Policy, 6, 2, 159-181.
Richards, G. (2001) ‘The Development of Cultural Tourism in Europe’ in Richards, G. (ed) ‘Cultural Attractions and European Tourism’, CABI, Oxon, 3-29.
Richards, G. (2002) ‘From Cultural Tourism to Creative Tourism: European perspectives’, Tourism, 50, 3, 225-233.
Robinson, M. (1999) ‘Tourism development in de-industrializing centres of the UK: change, culture and conflict’, in Robinson, M. and Boniface, P. (eds) ‘Tourism and Cultural Conflicts’, CABI, Oxon, 129-159.
Van den Berg, L., van der Borg, J. and van der Meer, J. (1995) ‘Urban Tourism: Performance and strategies in eight European cities’, Avebury, Aldershot
Van Limburg, B. (1998) ‘City marketing: a multi-attribute approach’, Tourism Management, 19, 5, 475-477.