Sedentary behavior, physical activity, and mental health in older adults: An isotemporal substitution model

Mark A. Tully; Ilona McMullan; Nicole E. Blackburn; Jason J. Wilson; Brendan Bunting; Lee Smith; Frank Kee; Manuela Deidda; Maria Giné-Garriga; Laura Coll-Planas; Dhayana Dallmeier; Michael Denkinger; Dietrich Rothenbacher; Paolo Caserotti

doi:10.1111/sms.13762

Sedentary behavior, physical activity, and mental health in older adults: An isotemporal substitution model

Mark A. Tully, Ilona McMullan, Nicole E. Blackburn, Jason J. Wilson, Brendan Bunting, Lee Smith, Frank Kee, Manuela Deidda, Maria Giné-Garriga, Laura Coll-Planas, Dhayana Dallmeier, Michael Denkinger, Dietrich Rothenbacher, Paolo Caserotti

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Abstract

Introduction Regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is associated with improved mental health, but the evidence for the effect of reducing sedentary behavior (SB) or increasing light PA (LPA) in older adults is lacking. Using isotemporal substitution (IS) models, the aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of substituting SB with LPA or MVPA on associations with mental health in older adults.

Methods Data from 1360 older adults (mean age 75.18 years) in four countries were utilized. PA and SB was measured using ActiGraph wGT3X-BT + accelerometers worn for 7 days. Self-rated mental health was measured using the Hospital and Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS). IS models estimated cross-sectional associations when 30 minutes of one behavior was substituted with another. Models were adjusted for age, sex, marital status, and educational attainment.

Results Substituting 30 minutes of SB with LPA (β −.37; 95% CI −0.42, −0.32) or MVPA (β −.14; 95% CI −0.21, −0.07) and substituting LPA with MVPA (β −.11; 95% CI −0.18, −0.04) were associated with improvements in anxiety. However, substituting 30 minutes of SB with LPA (β.55; 95% CI 0.49, 0.62) was associated with increased depression.

Conclusion Replacing 30 minutes of SB with LPA or MVPA was associated with improved anxiety symptoms in older adults. Greater benefits were observed when shifting SB and LPA to MVPA.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1957-1965
Number of pages	9
Journal	Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports
Volume	30
Issue number	10
Early online date	9 Jul 2020
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13762
Publication status	Published (in print/issue) - 1 Oct 2020

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors wish to express their appreciation for all those who volunteered for this study and Mrs Nicky Laird for her administrative support. We also thank the Northern Ireland Clinical Research Facility and the Municipality of Odense for facilitating the assessments in the United Kingdom and Danish site, respectively. The work described in this publication was part of the SITLESS project, and supported and funded by the European Union program Horizon 2020 (H2020-Grant 634270).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science In Sports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd

Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

Keywords

isotemporal
light physical activity
mental health
moderate-vigorous physical activity
older adults

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Cite this

Tully, M. A., McMullan, I., Blackburn, N. E., Wilson, J. J., Bunting, B., Smith, L., Kee, F., Deidda, M., Giné-Garriga, M., Coll-Planas, L., Dallmeier, D., Denkinger, M., Rothenbacher, D., & Caserotti, P. (2020). Sedentary behavior, physical activity, and mental health in older adults: An isotemporal substitution model. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 30(10), 1957-1965. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13762

@article{66c9aba04c06403f82706ac5502bbf96,

title = "Sedentary behavior, physical activity, and mental health in older adults: An isotemporal substitution model",

abstract = "Introduction Regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is associated with improved mental health, but the evidence for the effect of reducing sedentary behavior (SB) or increasing light PA (LPA) in older adults is lacking. Using isotemporal substitution (IS) models, the aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of substituting SB with LPA or MVPA on associations with mental health in older adults. Methods Data from 1360 older adults (mean age 75.18 years) in four countries were utilized. PA and SB was measured using ActiGraph wGT3X-BT + accelerometers worn for 7 days. Self-rated mental health was measured using the Hospital and Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS). IS models estimated cross-sectional associations when 30 minutes of one behavior was substituted with another. Models were adjusted for age, sex, marital status, and educational attainment. Results Substituting 30 minutes of SB with LPA (β −.37; 95% CI −0.42, −0.32) or MVPA (β −.14; 95% CI −0.21, −0.07) and substituting LPA with MVPA (β −.11; 95% CI −0.18, −0.04) were associated with improvements in anxiety. However, substituting 30 minutes of SB with LPA (β.55; 95% CI 0.49, 0.62) was associated with increased depression. Conclusion Replacing 30 minutes of SB with LPA or MVPA was associated with improved anxiety symptoms in older adults. Greater benefits were observed when shifting SB and LPA to MVPA.",

keywords = "isotemporal, light physical activity, mental health, moderate-vigorous physical activity, older adults",

author = "Tully, {Mark A.} and Ilona McMullan and Blackburn, {Nicole E.} and Wilson, {Jason J.} and Brendan Bunting and Lee Smith and Frank Kee and Manuela Deidda and Maria Gin{\'e}-Garriga and Laura Coll-Planas and Dhayana Dallmeier and Michael Denkinger and Dietrich Rothenbacher and Paolo Caserotti",

note = "Funding Information: The authors wish to express their appreciation for all those who volunteered for this study and Mrs Nicky Laird for her administrative support. We also thank the Northern Ireland Clinical Research Facility and the Municipality of Odense for facilitating the assessments in the United Kingdom and Danish site, respectively. The work described in this publication was part of the SITLESS project, and supported and funded by the European Union program Horizon 2020 (H2020-Grant 634270). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science In Sports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

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doi = "10.1111/sms.13762",

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pages = "1957--1965",

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Tully, MA, McMullan, I, Blackburn, NE , Wilson, JJ , Bunting, B, Smith, L, Kee, F, Deidda, M, Giné-Garriga, M, Coll-Planas, L, Dallmeier, D, Denkinger, M, Rothenbacher, D & Caserotti, P 2020, 'Sedentary behavior, physical activity, and mental health in older adults: An isotemporal substitution model', Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1957-1965. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13762

TY - JOUR

T1 - Sedentary behavior, physical activity, and mental health in older adults

T2 - An isotemporal substitution model

AU - Tully, Mark A.

AU - McMullan, Ilona

AU - Blackburn, Nicole E.

AU - Wilson, Jason J.

AU - Bunting, Brendan

AU - Smith, Lee

AU - Kee, Frank

AU - Deidda, Manuela

AU - Giné-Garriga, Maria

AU - Coll-Planas, Laura

AU - Dallmeier, Dhayana

AU - Denkinger, Michael

AU - Rothenbacher, Dietrich

AU - Caserotti, Paolo

N1 - Funding Information: The authors wish to express their appreciation for all those who volunteered for this study and Mrs Nicky Laird for her administrative support. We also thank the Northern Ireland Clinical Research Facility and the Municipality of Odense for facilitating the assessments in the United Kingdom and Danish site, respectively. The work described in this publication was part of the SITLESS project, and supported and funded by the European Union program Horizon 2020 (H2020-Grant 634270). Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science In Sports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2020/10/1

Y1 - 2020/10/1

N2 - Introduction Regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is associated with improved mental health, but the evidence for the effect of reducing sedentary behavior (SB) or increasing light PA (LPA) in older adults is lacking. Using isotemporal substitution (IS) models, the aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of substituting SB with LPA or MVPA on associations with mental health in older adults. Methods Data from 1360 older adults (mean age 75.18 years) in four countries were utilized. PA and SB was measured using ActiGraph wGT3X-BT + accelerometers worn for 7 days. Self-rated mental health was measured using the Hospital and Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS). IS models estimated cross-sectional associations when 30 minutes of one behavior was substituted with another. Models were adjusted for age, sex, marital status, and educational attainment. Results Substituting 30 minutes of SB with LPA (β −.37; 95% CI −0.42, −0.32) or MVPA (β −.14; 95% CI −0.21, −0.07) and substituting LPA with MVPA (β −.11; 95% CI −0.18, −0.04) were associated with improvements in anxiety. However, substituting 30 minutes of SB with LPA (β.55; 95% CI 0.49, 0.62) was associated with increased depression. Conclusion Replacing 30 minutes of SB with LPA or MVPA was associated with improved anxiety symptoms in older adults. Greater benefits were observed when shifting SB and LPA to MVPA.

AB - Introduction Regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is associated with improved mental health, but the evidence for the effect of reducing sedentary behavior (SB) or increasing light PA (LPA) in older adults is lacking. Using isotemporal substitution (IS) models, the aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of substituting SB with LPA or MVPA on associations with mental health in older adults. Methods Data from 1360 older adults (mean age 75.18 years) in four countries were utilized. PA and SB was measured using ActiGraph wGT3X-BT + accelerometers worn for 7 days. Self-rated mental health was measured using the Hospital and Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS). IS models estimated cross-sectional associations when 30 minutes of one behavior was substituted with another. Models were adjusted for age, sex, marital status, and educational attainment. Results Substituting 30 minutes of SB with LPA (β −.37; 95% CI −0.42, −0.32) or MVPA (β −.14; 95% CI −0.21, −0.07) and substituting LPA with MVPA (β −.11; 95% CI −0.18, −0.04) were associated with improvements in anxiety. However, substituting 30 minutes of SB with LPA (β.55; 95% CI 0.49, 0.62) was associated with increased depression. Conclusion Replacing 30 minutes of SB with LPA or MVPA was associated with improved anxiety symptoms in older adults. Greater benefits were observed when shifting SB and LPA to MVPA.

KW - isotemporal

KW - light physical activity

KW - mental health

KW - moderate-vigorous physical activity

KW - older adults

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U2 - 10.1111/sms.13762

DO - 10.1111/sms.13762

M3 - Article

C2 - 32643826

AN - SCOPUS:85088560932

SN - 0905-7188

VL - 30

SP - 1957

EP - 1965

JO - Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports

JF - Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports

IS - 10

ER -

Sedentary behavior, physical activity, and mental health in older adults: An isotemporal substitution model

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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