TY - JOUR
T1 - Role of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the revolutionization of advanced melanoma care
AU - Singh, Sima
AU - Numan, Arshid
AU - Agrawal, Nikhil
AU - Tambuwala, Murtaza M.
AU - Singh, Vijender
AU - Kesharwani, Prashant
PY - 2020/6/30
Y1 - 2020/6/30
N2 - Melanoma cancer is an important public health concern owing to its prevalence, high recurrence risk, treatment failures and immunosuppressive abilities. Prolonged immune system activation is the main objective of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapies directed against melanoma cancer. Despite the staggering advancements in approved ICIs therapy effectiveness, immune-related adverse events (imAEs) and therapeutic resistance has limited its wide application. Thus, there is a need to establish biomarkers that predict the response to ICIs and imAEs. In this review article, we provide an in-depth understanding of the role of tolerance, immunity, and immunosuppression in antitumor immune response regulation, together with ongoing clinical therapy and suggested biomarkers. These attainments advise that approved ICIs provide a novel approach to durable and prolonged response in cancer patients and will aid in the reduction of treatment cost and duration and enhance patient recovery.
AB - Melanoma cancer is an important public health concern owing to its prevalence, high recurrence risk, treatment failures and immunosuppressive abilities. Prolonged immune system activation is the main objective of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapies directed against melanoma cancer. Despite the staggering advancements in approved ICIs therapy effectiveness, immune-related adverse events (imAEs) and therapeutic resistance has limited its wide application. Thus, there is a need to establish biomarkers that predict the response to ICIs and imAEs. In this review article, we provide an in-depth understanding of the role of tolerance, immunity, and immunosuppression in antitumor immune response regulation, together with ongoing clinical therapy and suggested biomarkers. These attainments advise that approved ICIs provide a novel approach to durable and prolonged response in cancer patients and will aid in the reduction of treatment cost and duration and enhance patient recovery.
KW - Biomarkers
KW - CTLA-4
KW - Immune checkpoint inhibitors
KW - Malignant melanoma
KW - PD-1/PD-L1
KW - T-cell dysfunction
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85082140660&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S156757692030271X
U2 - 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106417
DO - 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106417
M3 - Article
C2 - 32200155
SN - 1567-5769
VL - 83
JO - International Immunopharmacology
JF - International Immunopharmacology
M1 - 106417
ER -
