Reconstruction of the Grenfell tower fire—Part 6—Numerical simulation of the Grenfell tower disaster: Contribution to the understanding of the tenability conditions inside the common areas of the tower

Eric Guillaume; Virginie Drean; Bertrand Girardin; Talal Fateh

doi:10.1002/fam.3053

Reconstruction of the Grenfell tower fire—Part 6—Numerical simulation of the Grenfell tower disaster: Contribution to the understanding of the tenability conditions inside the common areas of the tower

Eric Guillaume, Virginie Drean, Bertrand Girardin, Talal Fateh

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

82 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

The recent dramatic events at Grenfell Tower in London involving a combustible façade system have raised concerns regarding the fire risk that these systems pose. The spread of fire over the façade of the Tower was previously modelled numerically and the results of this modelling were validated by comparison with observations of the real fire. This model was used to determine the fire behaviour of the façade and the propagation of the façade fire into the apartments through windows. The modelling used an impact model according to ISO 13571 and included fire loads from the façade and, when relevant, from apartment contents. Tenability levels inside the apartments were quantified by an analysis of the toxic and thermal conditions due to the combustion of the façade materials and the apartment contents. In the present paper, the conditions inside the lobbies and stairs of the Tower are investigated, building on the previous analysis of the apartments. This allows an understanding of the evolution of toxic and thermal conditions whilst the fire spread, and their impact on egress during the fire event.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1061-1079
Number of pages	19
Journal	Fire and Materials
Volume	46
Issue number	7
Early online date	11 Feb 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/fam.3053
Publication status	Published (in print/issue) - 3 Oct 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work has been partially financed by Kingspan. The sponsor has not been involved in the results nor the conclusions of this paper. This reconstruction only uses inputs publicly available data from Grenfell Tower Inquiry or data published in the scientific literature.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Efectis France. Fire and Materials published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Keywords

Metals and Alloys
Polymers and Plastics
General Chemistry
Ceramics and Composites
Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
toxicity
façade system
fire propagation
impact model
numerical simulation

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Fire and Materials - 2022 - Guillaume - Reconstruction of the Grenfell tower fire Part 6 Numerical simulation of thFinal published version, 7.78 MBLicence: CC BY

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title = "Reconstruction of the Grenfell tower fire—Part 6—Numerical simulation of the Grenfell tower disaster: Contribution to the understanding of the tenability conditions inside the common areas of the tower",

abstract = "The recent dramatic events at Grenfell Tower in London involving a combustible fa{\c c}ade system have raised concerns regarding the fire risk that these systems pose. The spread of fire over the fa{\c c}ade of the Tower was previously modelled numerically and the results of this modelling were validated by comparison with observations of the real fire. This model was used to determine the fire behaviour of the fa{\c c}ade and the propagation of the fa{\c c}ade fire into the apartments through windows. The modelling used an impact model according to ISO 13571 and included fire loads from the fa{\c c}ade and, when relevant, from apartment contents. Tenability levels inside the apartments were quantified by an analysis of the toxic and thermal conditions due to the combustion of the fa{\c c}ade materials and the apartment contents. In the present paper, the conditions inside the lobbies and stairs of the Tower are investigated, building on the previous analysis of the apartments. This allows an understanding of the evolution of toxic and thermal conditions whilst the fire spread, and their impact on egress during the fire event.",

keywords = "Metals and Alloys, Polymers and Plastics, General Chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, toxicity, fa{\c c}ade system, fire propagation, impact model, numerical simulation",

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note = "Funding Information: This work has been partially financed by Kingspan. The sponsor has not been involved in the results nor the conclusions of this paper. This reconstruction only uses inputs publicly available data from Grenfell Tower Inquiry or data published in the scientific literature. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Efectis France. Fire and Materials published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.",

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Reconstruction of the Grenfell tower fire—Part 6—Numerical simulation of the Grenfell tower disaster: Contribution to the understanding of the tenability conditions inside the common areas of the tower. / Guillaume, Eric; Drean, Virginie; Girardin, Bertrand et al.
In: Fire and Materials, Vol. 46, No. 7, 03.10.2022, p. 1061-1079.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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N1 - Funding Information: This work has been partially financed by Kingspan. The sponsor has not been involved in the results nor the conclusions of this paper. This reconstruction only uses inputs publicly available data from Grenfell Tower Inquiry or data published in the scientific literature. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Efectis France. Fire and Materials published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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