Abstract
High-performance nanoparticle platforms can drive catalysis progress to new horizons, delivering environmental and energy targets. Nanoparticle exsolution offers unprecedented opportunities that are limited by current demanding process conditions. Unraveling new exsolution pathways, particularly at low-temperatures, represents an important milestone that will enable improved sustainable synthetic route, more control of catalysis microstructure as well as new application opportunities. Herein it is demonstrated that plasma direct exsolution at room temperature represents just such a step change in the synthesis. Moreover, the factors that most affect the exsolution process are identified. It is shown that the surface defects produced initiate exsolution under a brief ion bombardment of an argon low-pressure and low-temperature plasma. This results in controlled nanoparticles with diameters ≈19–22 nm with very high number densities thus creating a highly active catalytic material for CO oxidation which rivals traditionally created exsolved samples.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 2201131 |
Journal | Advanced Energy Materials |
Volume | 12 |
Issue number | 45 |
Early online date | 3 Oct 2022 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published online - 3 Oct 2022 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:The research was supported by EPSRC (Award Nos. EP/R023522/1, EP/R023603/1, EP/R023921/1, EP/R023638/1, EP/R008841/1, and EP/V055232/1) and financial support from the UK Catalysis Hub funded by EPSRC Grant reference EP/R027129/1. J.W. and S.C.P. gratefully acknowledge support from the EPSRC (EP/P007821/1) and also thank the U.K. ARCHER HPC facility and the THOMAS HPC (the UK Materials and Molecular Modelling Hub, partially funded by EPSRC EP/P020194) for providing computation resources, via the membership of the UK's HEC Materials Chemistry Consortium (funded by the EPSRC Grant Nos. EP/L000202, EP/709 P007821/1, EP/R029431, and EP/T022213). This research has also made use of the Balena High Performance Computing (HPC) Service at the University of Bath.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors. Advanced Energy Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Funding Information:
The research was supported by EPSRC (Award Nos. EP/R023522/1, EP/R023603/1, EP/R023921/1, EP/R023638/1, EP/R008841/1, and EP/V055232/1) and financial support from the UK Catalysis Hub funded by EPSRC Grant reference EP/R027129/1. J.W. and S.C.P. gratefully acknowledge support from the EPSRC (EP/P007821/1) and also thank the U.K. ARCHER HPC facility and the THOMAS HPC (the UK Materials and Molecular Modelling Hub, partially funded by EPSRC EP/P020194) for providing computation resources, via the membership of the UK's HEC Materials Chemistry Consortium (funded by the EPSRC Grant Nos. EP/L000202, EP/709 P007821/1, EP/R029431, and EP/T022213). This research has also made use of the Balena High Performance Computing (HPC) Service at the University of Bath.
Funding Information:
The research was supported by EPSRC (Award Nos. EP/R023522/1, EP/R023603/1, EP/R023921/1, EP/R023638/1, EP/R008841/1, and EP/V055232/1) and financial support from the UK Catalysis Hub funded by EPSRC Grant reference EP/R027129/1. J.W. and S.C.P. gratefully acknowledge support from the EPSRC (EP/P007821/1) and also thank the U.K. ARCHER HPC facility and the THOMAS HPC (the UK Materials and Molecular Modelling Hub, partially funded by EPSRC EP/P020194) for providing computation resources, via the membership of the UK's HEC Materials Chemistry Consortium (funded by the EPSRC Grant Nos. EP/L000202, EP/709 P007821/1, EP/R029431, and EP/T022213). This research has also made use of the Balena High Performance Computing (HPC) Service at the University of Bath.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors. Advanced Energy Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Keywords
- exsolution
- perovskite oxide