Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of antimicrobial drug use, gastric acid-suppressive agent use, and infection control practices on the incidence of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) in a 426-bed general teaching hospital in Northern Ireland. The study was retrospective and ecological in design. A multivariate autoregressive integrated moving average (time-series analysis) model was built to relate CDAD incidence with antibiotic use, gastric acid-suppressive agent use, and infection control practices within the hospital over a 5-year period (February 2002 to March 2007). The findings of this study showed that temporal variation in CDAD incidence followed temporal variations in expanded-spectrum cephalosporin use (average delay = 2 months; variation of CDAD incidence = 0.01/100 bed-days), broad-spectrum cephalosporin use (average delay = 2 months; variation of CDAD incidence = 0.02/100 bed-days), fluoroquinolone use (average delay = 3 months; variation of CDAD incidence = 0.004/100 bed-days), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid use (average delay = 1 month; variation of CDAD incidence = 0.002/100 bed-days), and macrolide use (average delay = 5 months; variation of CDAD incidence = 0.002/100 bed-days). Temporal relationships were also observed between CDAD incidence and use of histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs; average delay = 1 month; variation of CDAD incidence = 0.001/100 bed-days). The model explained 78% of the variance in the monthly incidence of CDAD. The findings of this study highlight a temporal relationship between certain classes of antibiotics, H2RAs, and CDAD incidence. The results of this research can help hospitals to set priorities for restricting the use of specific antibiotic classes, based on the size-effect of each class and the delay necessary to observe an effect. Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 2082-2088 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy |
| Volume | 53 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| Early online date | 24 Apr 2009 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published online - 24 Apr 2009 |
Bibliographical note
Cited By :36Export Date: 15 September 2018
CODEN: AMACC
Correspondence Address: McElnay, J. C.; Clinical and Practice Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom; email: j.mcelnay@qub.ac.uk
Chemicals/CAS: alcohol, 64-17-5; amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid, 74469-00-4, 79198-29-1; carbapenem, 83200-96-8; cephalosporin, 11111-12-9; chlorhexidine, 3697-42-5, 55-56-1; lincosamide, 80738-43-8; tetracycline, 23843-90-5, 60-54-8, 64-75-5; trimethoprim, 738-70-5; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Histamine H2 Antagonists
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Keywords
- alcohol
- aminoglycoside
- amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid
- antiinfective agent
- carbapenem
- cephalosporin
- chlorhexidine
- glycopeptide
- histamine H2 receptor antagonist
- imidazole derivative
- lincosamide
- macrolide
- nitrofuran derivative
- proton pump inhibitor
- quinoline derived antiinfective agent
- tetracycline
- trimethoprim
- trimethoprim derivative
- adolescent
- adult
- aged
- article
- child
- Clostridium difficile infection
- correlation analysis
- drug use
- hospital patient
- human
- incidence
- infection control
- major clinical study
- morbidity
- preschool child
- priority journal
- quasi experimental study
- retrospective study
- school child
- time series analysis
- United Kingdom
- Aged
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
- Child, Preschool
- Clostridium difficile
- Diarrhea
- Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous
- Histamine H2 Antagonists
- Hospitals, Teaching
- Humans
- Incidence
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Infection Control
- Northern Ireland
