Paradox of celestial jukebox: Resurgence of market control

The rise of P2P technology produced a prediction that ubiquitous access to an unlimited choice of music, known as the Celestial Jukebox, would loosen the market control and hence bring about cultural diversity in the market. As the streaming music business grows, however, this celebrated musical experience is giving rise to a resurgence of market control. Underlying the difference between the prediction and the reality is the unexpected problem that has arisen in the process of technological development. This article unravels this missing link by demonstrating the underlying dynamics involved in the innovation process through which digital technologies are applied, consumed, and used in the music business.