Abstract
A quark nugget is a hypothetical dark-matter candidate composed of approximately equal numbers of up, down, and strange quarks. Most models of quark nuggets do not include effects of their intrinsic magnetic field. However, Tatsumi used a mathematically tractable approximation of the Standard Model of Particle Physics and found that the cores of magnetar pulsars may be quark
nuggets in a ferromagnetic liquid state with surface magnetic field Bo = 1012±1 T. We have applied that result to quark-nugget dark matter. Previous work addressed the formation and aggregation of magnetized quark nuggets (MQNs) into a broad and magnetically stabilized mass distribution before
they could decay and addressed their interaction with normal matter through their magnetopause, losing translational velocity while gaining rotational velocity and radiating electromagnetic energy. The two orders of magnitude uncertainty in Tatsumi’s estimate for Bo precludes the practical design of systematic experiments to detect MQNs through their predicted interaction with matter. In this paper, we examine episodic events consistent with a unique signature of MQNs. If they are indeed caused by MQNs, they constrain the most likely values of Bo to 1.65 × 1012 T +/− 21% and support the design of definitive tests of the MQN dark-matter hypothesis.
nuggets in a ferromagnetic liquid state with surface magnetic field Bo = 1012±1 T. We have applied that result to quark-nugget dark matter. Previous work addressed the formation and aggregation of magnetized quark nuggets (MQNs) into a broad and magnetically stabilized mass distribution before
they could decay and addressed their interaction with normal matter through their magnetopause, losing translational velocity while gaining rotational velocity and radiating electromagnetic energy. The two orders of magnitude uncertainty in Tatsumi’s estimate for Bo precludes the practical design of systematic experiments to detect MQNs through their predicted interaction with matter. In this paper, we examine episodic events consistent with a unique signature of MQNs. If they are indeed caused by MQNs, they constrain the most likely values of Bo to 1.65 × 1012 T +/− 21% and support the design of definitive tests of the MQN dark-matter hypothesis.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 35 |
Pages (from-to) | 1-30 |
Number of pages | 30 |
Journal | Universe |
Volume | 7 |
Issue number | 2 |
Early online date | 4 Feb 2021 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published (in print/issue) - 4 Feb 2021 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Keywords
- MQN
- Macro
- dark matter
- magnetar
- magnetized quark nugget
- nuclearite
- quark nugget
- slet
- strangelet
- Quark nugget
- Magnetar
- Slet
- Dark matter
- Nuclearite
- Strangelet
- Magnetized quark nugget