Irish Jacobites in Early Modern Europe: exile, adjustment and experience, 1691-1745

Sustained migration to Europe has characterised Ireland and Britain’s shared histories over the last fifteen hundred years. Close links with the Papacy and Europe’s great universities, religious institutions and organisations, the English Crown’s extensive possessions in France, and a lucrative trade in fish, wine and wool across the Irish Sea and English Channel account for much of this traffic in the medieval period. In the early modern era, the political, military, socio-economic and cultural effects of the Reformation and Counter-Reformation boosted the Irish continental footfall, their most sustained and catastrophic effects greatly impacting on Ireland.