Influence of Binder Float Length on the Out-of-Plane and Axial Impact Performance of 3D Woven Composites

Calvin Ralph; Monali Dahale; Geoffrey Neale; Karthik Ramaswamy; Michael McCarthy; Sanghyun Yoo; Nathalie Toso; John Kelly; Cormac Mc Garrigle; E Archer; Eileen Harkin-Jones; AT McIlhagger

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2021.106459

Influence of Binder Float Length on the Out-of-Plane and Axial Impact Performance of 3D Woven Composites

Calvin Ralph
, Monali Dahale
, Geoffrey Neale
, Karthik Ramaswamy (Contributor)
, Michael McCarthy (Contributor)
, Sanghyun Yoo (Contributor)
, Nathalie Toso (Contributor)
, John Kelly
, Cormac Mc Garrigle
, E Archer
, Eileen Harkin-Jones
, AT McIlhagger

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

24 Citations (Scopus)

51 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

This paper shows modifying binder float-length, an easily adjustable parameter, there is significant influence on impact energy absorption, impact resistance and damage tolerance in 3D-woven layer-to-layer carbon/epoxy composites. Binder float-length was changed by modifying textile design without changing loom set-up. Three float lengths (1/2, 2/2 and 3/2) in consistent architecture were woven using constant warp density. Out-of-plane drop-weight impact was performed at 32 J&42 J energy and showed increases in float-length decreased energy absorption by 49% and 32% respectively in warp direction with no significant changes in weft. Conversely, in axial impact tests, higher float length showed higher crush force efficiency and specific energy absorption. This study has also concluded, in both out-of-plane and axial impact scenarios, higher float lengths increase damage tolerance. This work has expanded how minor changes in preform parameters can significantly change both out-of-plane and in-plane impact performance of 3D-woven composites without increased manufacturing cost, time or complexity.

Original language	English
Article number	106459
Number of pages	17
Journal	Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing
Volume	147
Early online date	7 May 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2021.106459
Publication status	Published (in print/issue) - 1 Aug 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by EU Horizon 2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Innovative Training Network- ICONIC [grant agreement number: 721256]. The authors acknowledge the support from the Engineering Composites Research Centre (ECRE) at Ulster University and Axis Composites Ltd, especially Roy Brelsford, Dr Glenda Stewart, Simon Hodge and Graeme Craig. The authors also acknowledge the help from Adrian McEvoy from University of Limerick.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd

Funding

Funding Information: This work was supported by EU Horizon 2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Innovative Training Network- ICONIC [grant agreement number: 721256]. The authors acknowledge the support from the Engineering Composites Research Centre (ECRE) at Ulster University and Axis Composites Ltd, especially Roy Brelsford, Dr Glenda Stewart, Simon Hodge and Graeme Craig. The authors also acknowledge the help from Adrian McEvoy from University of Limerick. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Elsevier Ltd

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 9 Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure

Keywords

3-Dimensional reinforcement
Damage tolerance
Impact behaviour
Weaving

Access to Document

10.1016/j.compositesa.2021.106459

Accepted ManuscriptAuthor Accepted Manuscript, 4.71 MB

Cite this

Ralph, C., Dahale, M., Neale, G., Ramaswamy, K., McCarthy, M., Yoo, S., Toso, N., Kelly, J., Mc Garrigle, C., Archer, E., Harkin-Jones, E., & McIlhagger, AT. (2021). Influence of Binder Float Length on the Out-of-Plane and Axial Impact Performance of 3D Woven Composites. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 147, Article 106459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2021.106459

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title = "Influence of Binder Float Length on the Out-of-Plane and Axial Impact Performance of 3D Woven Composites",

abstract = "This paper shows modifying binder float-length, an easily adjustable parameter, there is significant influence on impact energy absorption, impact resistance and damage tolerance in 3D-woven layer-to-layer carbon/epoxy composites. Binder float-length was changed by modifying textile design without changing loom set-up. Three float lengths (1/2, 2/2 and 3/2) in consistent architecture were woven using constant warp density. Out-of-plane drop-weight impact was performed at 32 J\&42 J energy and showed increases in float-length decreased energy absorption by 49\% and 32\% respectively in warp direction with no significant changes in weft. Conversely, in axial impact tests, higher float length showed higher crush force efficiency and specific energy absorption. This study has also concluded, in both out-of-plane and axial impact scenarios, higher float lengths increase damage tolerance. This work has expanded how minor changes in preform parameters can significantly change both out-of-plane and in-plane impact performance of 3D-woven composites without increased manufacturing cost, time or complexity.",

keywords = "3-Dimensional reinforcement, Damage tolerance, Impact behaviour, Weaving",

author = "Calvin Ralph and Monali Dahale and Geoffrey Neale and Karthik Ramaswamy and Michael McCarthy and Sanghyun Yoo and Nathalie Toso and John Kelly and \{Mc Garrigle\}, Cormac and E Archer and Eileen Harkin-Jones and AT McIlhagger",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by EU Horizon 2020 Marie Sk{\l}odowska-Curie Actions Innovative Training Network- ICONIC [grant agreement number: 721256]. The authors acknowledge the support from the Engineering Composites Research Centre (ECRE) at Ulster University and Axis Composites Ltd, especially Roy Brelsford, Dr Glenda Stewart, Simon Hodge and Graeme Craig. The authors also acknowledge the help from Adrian McEvoy from University of Limerick. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier Ltd",

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Ralph, C, Dahale, M, Neale, G, Ramaswamy, K, McCarthy, M, Yoo, S, Toso, N, Kelly, J, Mc Garrigle, C , Archer, E , Harkin-Jones, E & McIlhagger, AT 2021, 'Influence of Binder Float Length on the Out-of-Plane and Axial Impact Performance of 3D Woven Composites', Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, vol. 147, 106459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2021.106459

TY - JOUR

T1 - Influence of Binder Float Length on the Out-of-Plane and Axial Impact Performance of 3D Woven Composites

AU - Ralph, Calvin

AU - Dahale, Monali

AU - Neale, Geoffrey

AU - Kelly, John

AU - Mc Garrigle, Cormac

AU - Archer, E

AU - Harkin-Jones, Eileen

AU - McIlhagger, AT

A2 - Ramaswamy, Karthik

A2 - McCarthy, Michael

A2 - Yoo, Sanghyun

A2 - Toso, Nathalie

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by EU Horizon 2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Innovative Training Network- ICONIC [grant agreement number: 721256]. The authors acknowledge the support from the Engineering Composites Research Centre (ECRE) at Ulster University and Axis Composites Ltd, especially Roy Brelsford, Dr Glenda Stewart, Simon Hodge and Graeme Craig. The authors also acknowledge the help from Adrian McEvoy from University of Limerick. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Elsevier Ltd

PY - 2021/8/1

Y1 - 2021/8/1

N2 - This paper shows modifying binder float-length, an easily adjustable parameter, there is significant influence on impact energy absorption, impact resistance and damage tolerance in 3D-woven layer-to-layer carbon/epoxy composites. Binder float-length was changed by modifying textile design without changing loom set-up. Three float lengths (1/2, 2/2 and 3/2) in consistent architecture were woven using constant warp density. Out-of-plane drop-weight impact was performed at 32 J&42 J energy and showed increases in float-length decreased energy absorption by 49% and 32% respectively in warp direction with no significant changes in weft. Conversely, in axial impact tests, higher float length showed higher crush force efficiency and specific energy absorption. This study has also concluded, in both out-of-plane and axial impact scenarios, higher float lengths increase damage tolerance. This work has expanded how minor changes in preform parameters can significantly change both out-of-plane and in-plane impact performance of 3D-woven composites without increased manufacturing cost, time or complexity.

AB - This paper shows modifying binder float-length, an easily adjustable parameter, there is significant influence on impact energy absorption, impact resistance and damage tolerance in 3D-woven layer-to-layer carbon/epoxy composites. Binder float-length was changed by modifying textile design without changing loom set-up. Three float lengths (1/2, 2/2 and 3/2) in consistent architecture were woven using constant warp density. Out-of-plane drop-weight impact was performed at 32 J&42 J energy and showed increases in float-length decreased energy absorption by 49% and 32% respectively in warp direction with no significant changes in weft. Conversely, in axial impact tests, higher float length showed higher crush force efficiency and specific energy absorption. This study has also concluded, in both out-of-plane and axial impact scenarios, higher float lengths increase damage tolerance. This work has expanded how minor changes in preform parameters can significantly change both out-of-plane and in-plane impact performance of 3D-woven composites without increased manufacturing cost, time or complexity.

KW - 3-Dimensional reinforcement

KW - Damage tolerance

KW - Impact behaviour

KW - Weaving

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85105872453

U2 - 10.1016/j.compositesa.2021.106459

DO - 10.1016/j.compositesa.2021.106459

M3 - Article

SN - 1359-835X

VL - 147

JO - Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

JF - Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

M1 - 106459

ER -

Influence of Binder Float Length on the Out-of-Plane and Axial Impact Performance of 3D Woven Composites

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Improving the energy absorption capability of 3D woven composites for aerospace and automotive structures

Cite this

Influence of Binder Float Length on the Out-of-Plane and Axial Impact Performance of 3D Woven Composites

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Student theses

Improving the energy absorption capability of 3D woven composites for aerospace and automotive structures

Cite this