Fourth Generation Glucose Sensors Composed of Copper Nanostructures for Diabetes Management: A Critical Review

Gowhar A. Naikoo, Tasbiha Awan, Hiba Salim, Fareeha Arshad, Israr U. Hassan, Mona Zamani Pedram, Waqar Ahmed, Hakkim L. Faruck, Alaa A. A. Aljabali, Vijay Mishra, Ángel Serrano‐aroca, Rohit Goyal, Poonam Negi, Martin Birkett, Mohamed M. Nasef, Nitin B. Charbe, Hamid A. Bakshi, Murtaza M. Tambuwala

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

29 Citations (Scopus)
59 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

More than five decades have been invested in understanding glucose biosensors. Yet, this immensely versatile field has continued to gain attention from the scientific world to better understand and diagnose diabetes. However, such extensive work done to improve glucose sensing devices has still not yielded desirable results. Drawbacks like the necessity of the invasive finger-pricking step and the lack of optimization of diagnostic interventions still need to be considered to improve the testing process of diabetic patients. To upgrade the glucose-sensing devices and reduce the number of intermediary steps during glucose measurement, fourth-generation glucose sensors (FGGS) have been introduced. These sensors, made using robust electrocatalytic copper nanostructures, improve diagnostic efficiency and cost-effectiveness. This review aims to present the essential scientific progress in copper nanostructure-based FGGS in the past 10 years (2010 to present). After a short introduction, we presented the working principles of these sensors. We then highlighted the importance of copper nanostructures as advanced electrode materials to develop reliable real-time FGGS. Finally, we cover the advantages, shortcomings, and prospects for developing highly sensitive, stable, and specific FGGS.

Original languageEnglish
Article numbere10248
Pages (from-to)1-17
Number of pages17
JournalBioengineering & Translational Medicine
Volume7
Issue number1
Early online date18 Aug 2021
DOIs
Publication statusPublished online - 18 Aug 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Gowhar A. Naikoo, Tasbiha Awan, Hiba Salim, Israr Ul Hassan acknowledge the support received from The Research Council (TRC), Oman under the grant (Ref: BFP/RGP/HSS/18/122) to accomplish this work successfully.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors. Bioengineering & Translational Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Institute of Chemical Engineers.

Keywords

  • diabetes management
  • early detection
  • electrode materials
  • hybrid copper nanostructures
  • nonenzymatic glucose sensors

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