Food combination questionnaire for Japanese: relative validity regarding food and nutrient intake and overall diet quality against the 4-day weighed dietary record

Kentaro Murakami, Nana Shinozaki, M Barbara E Livingstone, Nana Kimoto, Shizuko Masayasu, Satoshi Sasaki

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    Abstract

    The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the relative validity of food and nutrient intakes and overall diet quality scores derived using a newly developed dietary assessment questionnaire (food combination questionnaire, FCQ). Dietary data were collected from 222 Japanese adults (111 for each sex) aged 30-76 years using the online FCQ and then the 4-non-consective-day weighed dietary record (DR). The median of Spearman correlation coefficients for sixteen food groups was 0 32 among women and 0 38 among men. The median of Pearson correlation coefficients for forty-six nutrients was 0 34 among women and 0 31 among men. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the total scores of Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) derived from the DR and FCQ was 0 37 among women and 0 39 among men. The corresponding value for the Nutrient-Rich Food Index 9.3 (NRF9.3) total scores was 0 39 among women and 0 46 among men. Bland-Altman plots for these diet quality scores showed poor agreement at the individual level, although mean difference was small for the HEI-2015 (but not NRF9.3). Similar results were obtained using the paper version of FCQ, which was answered after conducting the DR, except for somewhat high Pearson correlation coefficients for the total scores of HEI-2015 (0 50 among both women and men) and NRF9.3 (0 37 among women and 0 53 among men). In conclusion, this analysis may lend support to the possible use of the FCQ as a rapid dietary assessment tool in large-scale epidemiologic studies in Japan, but further refinement of this tool should be pursued.

    Original languageEnglish
    Article numbere22
    Pages (from-to)1-12
    Number of pages12
    JournalJournal of Nutritional Science
    Volume12
    Early online date15 Feb 2023
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished online - 15 Feb 2023

    Bibliographical note

    Funding Information:
    This work was supported in part by the Institute for Food and Health Science, Yazuya Co., Ltd. The Institute for Food and Health Science, Yazuya Co., Ltd. had no role in the design, analysis or writing of this manuscript.

    Publisher Copyright:
    Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society.

    Keywords

    • Japan
    • DR, dietary record
    • Middle Aged
    • Cross-Sectional Studies
    • Dietary assessment
    • FCQ, food combination questionnaire
    • Rapid assessment
    • East Asian People
    • NRF9.3, Nutrient-Rich Food Index 9.3
    • Overall diet
    • Aged
    • Eating
    • Male
    • Diet
    • Surveys and Questionnaires
    • Diet Records
    • Humans
    • Adult
    • HEI-2015, Healthy Eating Index-2015
    • Validity
    • Female

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