Effects of strontium-substitution in sputter deposited calcium phosphate coatings on the rate of corrosion of magnesium alloys

Jonathan G. Acheson; Stephen McKillop; Joanna Ward; Abhijit Roy; Zhigang Xu; Adrian R. Boyd; Patrick Lemoine; Prashant N. Kumta; Jagannathan Sankar; Brian J. Meenan

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2021.127446

Effects of strontium-substitution in sputter deposited calcium phosphate coatings on the rate of corrosion of magnesium alloys

Jonathan G. Acheson, Stephen McKillop, Joanna Ward, Abhijit Roy, Zhigang Xu, Adrian R. Boyd, Patrick Lemoine, Prashant N. Kumta, Jagannathan Sankar, Brian J. Meenan

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Abstract

Magnesium (Mg) alloys have significant potential for use as bioresorbable orthopaedic implant devices due to their controllable mechanical properties and an ability to promote new bone growth. However, difficulty lies with controlling the rate of corrosion in physiological conditions to ensure the load-bearing capability of the device is maintained for the required period of time, specifically until an adequate quantity of new bone tissue is formed. In this work, RF magnetron sputtering has been used to create calcium phosphate (CaP) and strontium-substituted calcium phosphate (SrCaP) thin film coatings on two Mg alloy systems (denoted WJK and ZEWX) that have been formulated for the fabrication of orthopaedic fracture fixation devices. A 14-day static-dynamic immersion study in simulated body fluid (SBF), shows that uncoated WJK substrates had a corrosion rate of 4.04 ± 0.15 millimetres per year (mmpy), which was reduced to 3.22 ± 0.17 mmpy with the application of a CaP coating, and to 2.92 ± 0.05 mmpy with a SrCaP coating. Uncoated ZEWX substrates had a corrosion rate of 3.36 ± 0.05 mmpy which was reduced to 2.98 ± 0.19 mmpy and 2.79 ± 0.03 mmpy, for CaP and SrCaP coatings, respectively. Whereas the sputter-deposited CaP and SrCaP coatings completely dissolve in SBF over the period of immersion, their presence at the outset significantly decreases the corrosion rate of both Mg alloys, as compared to the values for the uncoated substrates. Successful incorporation of Sr within the coating offers the potential for improved bioactivity with respect to directing the bone cell response to create new tissue.

Original language	English
Article number	127446
Journal	Surface and Coatings Technology
Volume	421
Early online date	24 Jun 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2021.127446
Publication status	Published (in print/issue) - 15 Sept 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Ulster University acknowledges funding from the Department for the Economy (DfE), Northern Ireland (Grant USI 111 ). University of Pittsburgh and North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University acknowledge funding and the support via the National Science Foundation (NSF) funded Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials (ERC-RMB) (Grant EEC-0812348 ).

Funding Information:
The authors wish to acknowledge support for this work from a US-Ireland Centre-to-Centre R&D Partnership between Ulster University , North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University , University of Pittsburgh , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati Children's Hospital , and the National University of Ireland Galway . P.N.K. would also like to acknowledge the financial support from the Edward R. Weidlein Endowed Chair Professorship Funds , and the Center for Complex Engineered Multifunctional Materials (CCEMM) at the Swanson School of Engineering in the University of Pittsburgh for use of the equipment and instrumentation needed for preparing the alloys described herein.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Author(s)

Funding

Funding Information: Ulster University acknowledges funding from the Department for the Economy (DfE), Northern Ireland (Grant USI 111 ). University of Pittsburgh and North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University acknowledge funding and the support via the National Science Foundation (NSF) funded Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials (ERC-RMB) (Grant EEC-0812348 ). Funding Information: The authors wish to acknowledge support for this work from a US-Ireland Centre-to-Centre R&D Partnership between Ulster University , North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University , University of Pittsburgh , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati Children's Hospital , and the National University of Ireland Galway . P.N.K. would also like to acknowledge the financial support from the Edward R. Weidlein Endowed Chair Professorship Funds , and the Center for Complex Engineered Multifunctional Materials (CCEMM) at the Swanson School of Engineering in the University of Pittsburgh for use of the equipment and instrumentation needed for preparing the alloys described herein. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s)

Keywords

Corrosion rate
Magnesium alloys
Micro-computed tomography (μCT)
RF magnetron sputter deposition
Strontium-substituted calcium phosphate coatings

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Cite this

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title = "Effects of strontium-substitution in sputter deposited calcium phosphate coatings on the rate of corrosion of magnesium alloys",

abstract = "Magnesium (Mg) alloys have significant potential for use as bioresorbable orthopaedic implant devices due to their controllable mechanical properties and an ability to promote new bone growth. However, difficulty lies with controlling the rate of corrosion in physiological conditions to ensure the load-bearing capability of the device is maintained for the required period of time, specifically until an adequate quantity of new bone tissue is formed. In this work, RF magnetron sputtering has been used to create calcium phosphate (CaP) and strontium-substituted calcium phosphate (SrCaP) thin film coatings on two Mg alloy systems (denoted WJK and ZEWX) that have been formulated for the fabrication of orthopaedic fracture fixation devices. A 14-day static-dynamic immersion study in simulated body fluid (SBF), shows that uncoated WJK substrates had a corrosion rate of 4.04 ± 0.15 millimetres per year (mmpy), which was reduced to 3.22 ± 0.17 mmpy with the application of a CaP coating, and to 2.92 ± 0.05 mmpy with a SrCaP coating. Uncoated ZEWX substrates had a corrosion rate of 3.36 ± 0.05 mmpy which was reduced to 2.98 ± 0.19 mmpy and 2.79 ± 0.03 mmpy, for CaP and SrCaP coatings, respectively. Whereas the sputter-deposited CaP and SrCaP coatings completely dissolve in SBF over the period of immersion, their presence at the outset significantly decreases the corrosion rate of both Mg alloys, as compared to the values for the uncoated substrates. Successful incorporation of Sr within the coating offers the potential for improved bioactivity with respect to directing the bone cell response to create new tissue.",

keywords = "Corrosion rate, Magnesium alloys, Micro-computed tomography (μCT), RF magnetron sputter deposition, Strontium-substituted calcium phosphate coatings",

author = "Acheson, \{Jonathan G.\} and Stephen McKillop and Joanna Ward and Abhijit Roy and Zhigang Xu and Boyd, \{Adrian R.\} and Patrick Lemoine and Kumta, \{Prashant N.\} and Jagannathan Sankar and Meenan, \{Brian J.\}",

note = "Funding Information: Ulster University acknowledges funding from the Department for the Economy (DfE), Northern Ireland (Grant USI 111 ). University of Pittsburgh and North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University acknowledge funding and the support via the National Science Foundation (NSF) funded Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials (ERC-RMB) (Grant EEC-0812348 ). Funding Information: The authors wish to acknowledge support for this work from a US-Ireland Centre-to-Centre R\&D Partnership between Ulster University , North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University , University of Pittsburgh , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati Children's Hospital , and the National University of Ireland Galway . P.N.K. would also like to acknowledge the financial support from the Edward R. Weidlein Endowed Chair Professorship Funds , and the Center for Complex Engineered Multifunctional Materials (CCEMM) at the Swanson School of Engineering in the University of Pittsburgh for use of the equipment and instrumentation needed for preparing the alloys described herein. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Author(s)",

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doi = "10.1016/j.surfcoat.2021.127446",

language = "English",

volume = "421",

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T1 - Effects of strontium-substitution in sputter deposited calcium phosphate coatings on the rate of corrosion of magnesium alloys

AU - Acheson, Jonathan G.

AU - McKillop, Stephen

AU - Ward, Joanna

AU - Roy, Abhijit

AU - Xu, Zhigang

AU - Boyd, Adrian R.

AU - Lemoine, Patrick

AU - Kumta, Prashant N.

AU - Sankar, Jagannathan

AU - Meenan, Brian J.

N1 - Funding Information: Ulster University acknowledges funding from the Department for the Economy (DfE), Northern Ireland (Grant USI 111 ). University of Pittsburgh and North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University acknowledge funding and the support via the National Science Foundation (NSF) funded Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials (ERC-RMB) (Grant EEC-0812348 ). Funding Information: The authors wish to acknowledge support for this work from a US-Ireland Centre-to-Centre R&D Partnership between Ulster University , North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University , University of Pittsburgh , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati Children's Hospital , and the National University of Ireland Galway . P.N.K. would also like to acknowledge the financial support from the Edward R. Weidlein Endowed Chair Professorship Funds , and the Center for Complex Engineered Multifunctional Materials (CCEMM) at the Swanson School of Engineering in the University of Pittsburgh for use of the equipment and instrumentation needed for preparing the alloys described herein. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s)

PY - 2021/9/15

Y1 - 2021/9/15

N2 - Magnesium (Mg) alloys have significant potential for use as bioresorbable orthopaedic implant devices due to their controllable mechanical properties and an ability to promote new bone growth. However, difficulty lies with controlling the rate of corrosion in physiological conditions to ensure the load-bearing capability of the device is maintained for the required period of time, specifically until an adequate quantity of new bone tissue is formed. In this work, RF magnetron sputtering has been used to create calcium phosphate (CaP) and strontium-substituted calcium phosphate (SrCaP) thin film coatings on two Mg alloy systems (denoted WJK and ZEWX) that have been formulated for the fabrication of orthopaedic fracture fixation devices. A 14-day static-dynamic immersion study in simulated body fluid (SBF), shows that uncoated WJK substrates had a corrosion rate of 4.04 ± 0.15 millimetres per year (mmpy), which was reduced to 3.22 ± 0.17 mmpy with the application of a CaP coating, and to 2.92 ± 0.05 mmpy with a SrCaP coating. Uncoated ZEWX substrates had a corrosion rate of 3.36 ± 0.05 mmpy which was reduced to 2.98 ± 0.19 mmpy and 2.79 ± 0.03 mmpy, for CaP and SrCaP coatings, respectively. Whereas the sputter-deposited CaP and SrCaP coatings completely dissolve in SBF over the period of immersion, their presence at the outset significantly decreases the corrosion rate of both Mg alloys, as compared to the values for the uncoated substrates. Successful incorporation of Sr within the coating offers the potential for improved bioactivity with respect to directing the bone cell response to create new tissue.

AB - Magnesium (Mg) alloys have significant potential for use as bioresorbable orthopaedic implant devices due to their controllable mechanical properties and an ability to promote new bone growth. However, difficulty lies with controlling the rate of corrosion in physiological conditions to ensure the load-bearing capability of the device is maintained for the required period of time, specifically until an adequate quantity of new bone tissue is formed. In this work, RF magnetron sputtering has been used to create calcium phosphate (CaP) and strontium-substituted calcium phosphate (SrCaP) thin film coatings on two Mg alloy systems (denoted WJK and ZEWX) that have been formulated for the fabrication of orthopaedic fracture fixation devices. A 14-day static-dynamic immersion study in simulated body fluid (SBF), shows that uncoated WJK substrates had a corrosion rate of 4.04 ± 0.15 millimetres per year (mmpy), which was reduced to 3.22 ± 0.17 mmpy with the application of a CaP coating, and to 2.92 ± 0.05 mmpy with a SrCaP coating. Uncoated ZEWX substrates had a corrosion rate of 3.36 ± 0.05 mmpy which was reduced to 2.98 ± 0.19 mmpy and 2.79 ± 0.03 mmpy, for CaP and SrCaP coatings, respectively. Whereas the sputter-deposited CaP and SrCaP coatings completely dissolve in SBF over the period of immersion, their presence at the outset significantly decreases the corrosion rate of both Mg alloys, as compared to the values for the uncoated substrates. Successful incorporation of Sr within the coating offers the potential for improved bioactivity with respect to directing the bone cell response to create new tissue.

KW - Corrosion rate

KW - Magnesium alloys

KW - Micro-computed tomography (μCT)

KW - RF magnetron sputter deposition

KW - Strontium-substituted calcium phosphate coatings

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U2 - 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2021.127446

DO - 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2021.127446

M3 - Article

SN - 0257-8972

VL - 421

JO - Surface and Coatings Technology

JF - Surface and Coatings Technology

M1 - 127446

ER -

Effects of strontium-substitution in sputter deposited calcium phosphate coatings on the rate of corrosion of magnesium alloys

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

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