Effect of Diclofenac and Andrographolide Combination on Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema and Hyperalgesia in Rats

Augustine Tandoh; Cynthia Amaning Danquah; Charles Kwaku Benneh; Donatus Wewura Adongo; Eric Boakye-Gyasi; Eric Woode

doi:10.1177/15593258221103846

Effect of Diclofenac and Andrographolide Combination on Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema and Hyperalgesia in Rats

Augustine Tandoh
, Cynthia Amaning Danquah
, Charles Kwaku Benneh
, Donatus Wewura Adongo
, Eric Boakye-Gyasi
, Eric Woode

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

17 Citations (Scopus)

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Abstract

Studies into drug combination at low doses are a promising approach to the management of pain and inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-edema and anti-hyperalgesic effects of a combination of diclofenac and andrographolide. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were first treated with diclofenac or andrographolide alone (3–100 mg/kg), as well as a combination of the 2 drugs. Carrageenan was then injected into the right hind paw of rats, and changes in paw volume and sensitivity to mechanical (von Frey) and thermal (Hargreaves test) stimuli measured. Results showed drug combination produced synergistic effects at reducing paw edema especially at lower doses, with a Loewe synergy score of 13.02 ± 8.75 in SynergyFinder and a combination index of .41 ± .18 after isobolographic analysis. Again synergy scores for decreasing response to 1.0 and 3.6 g force application of von Frey filaments after drug combination were 10.127 ± 5.68 and 8.554 ± 6.53, respectively, in SynergyFinder. Synergistic effects were also seen after drug combination in the Hargreaves test with a synergy score of 5.136 ± 16.38. In conclusion, combination of diclofenac with andrographolide showed better pharmacologic effects after carrageenan injection and was more synergistic at low-dose combinations.

Original language	English
Journal	Dose-Response
Volume	20
Issue number	2
Early online date	30 May 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1177/15593258221103846
Publication status	Published online - 30 May 2022

Data Availability Statement

Data on inhibition of paw volumes has been made available for purposes of understanding the surface plot and its interpretation. All other data and images collected in this study, as well as analysis tables, are available on reasonable request from the corresponding author.

Funding

The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

diclofenac
andrographolide
combination
carrageenan
hyperalgesia

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10.1177/15593258221103846Licence: CC BY-NC

Effect of Diclofenac and Andrographolide Combination on Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema and Hyperalgesia in RatsFinal published version, 5.28 MBLicence: CC BY-NC

Cite this

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title = "Effect of Diclofenac and Andrographolide Combination on Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema and Hyperalgesia in Rats",

abstract = "Studies into drug combination at low doses are a promising approach to the management of pain and inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-edema and anti-hyperalgesic effects of a combination of diclofenac and andrographolide. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were first treated with diclofenac or andrographolide alone (3–100 mg/kg), as well as a combination of the 2 drugs. Carrageenan was then injected into the right hind paw of rats, and changes in paw volume and sensitivity to mechanical (von Frey) and thermal (Hargreaves test) stimuli measured. Results showed drug combination produced synergistic effects at reducing paw edema especially at lower doses, with a Loewe synergy score of 13.02 ± 8.75 in SynergyFinder and a combination index of .41 ± .18 after isobolographic analysis. Again synergy scores for decreasing response to 1.0 and 3.6 g force application of von Frey filaments after drug combination were 10.127 ± 5.68 and 8.554 ± 6.53, respectively, in SynergyFinder. Synergistic effects were also seen after drug combination in the Hargreaves test with a synergy score of 5.136 ± 16.38. In conclusion, combination of diclofenac with andrographolide showed better pharmacologic effects after carrageenan injection and was more synergistic at low-dose combinations.",

keywords = "diclofenac, andrographolide, combination, carrageenan, hyperalgesia",

author = "Augustine Tandoh and Danquah, \{Cynthia Amaning\} and Benneh, \{Charles Kwaku\} and Adongo, \{Donatus Wewura\} and Eric Boakye-Gyasi and Eric Woode",

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AU - Tandoh, Augustine

AU - Danquah, Cynthia Amaning

AU - Benneh, Charles Kwaku

AU - Adongo, Donatus Wewura

AU - Boakye-Gyasi, Eric

AU - Woode, Eric

PY - 2022/5/30

Y1 - 2022/5/30

N2 - Studies into drug combination at low doses are a promising approach to the management of pain and inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-edema and anti-hyperalgesic effects of a combination of diclofenac and andrographolide. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were first treated with diclofenac or andrographolide alone (3–100 mg/kg), as well as a combination of the 2 drugs. Carrageenan was then injected into the right hind paw of rats, and changes in paw volume and sensitivity to mechanical (von Frey) and thermal (Hargreaves test) stimuli measured. Results showed drug combination produced synergistic effects at reducing paw edema especially at lower doses, with a Loewe synergy score of 13.02 ± 8.75 in SynergyFinder and a combination index of .41 ± .18 after isobolographic analysis. Again synergy scores for decreasing response to 1.0 and 3.6 g force application of von Frey filaments after drug combination were 10.127 ± 5.68 and 8.554 ± 6.53, respectively, in SynergyFinder. Synergistic effects were also seen after drug combination in the Hargreaves test with a synergy score of 5.136 ± 16.38. In conclusion, combination of diclofenac with andrographolide showed better pharmacologic effects after carrageenan injection and was more synergistic at low-dose combinations.

AB - Studies into drug combination at low doses are a promising approach to the management of pain and inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-edema and anti-hyperalgesic effects of a combination of diclofenac and andrographolide. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were first treated with diclofenac or andrographolide alone (3–100 mg/kg), as well as a combination of the 2 drugs. Carrageenan was then injected into the right hind paw of rats, and changes in paw volume and sensitivity to mechanical (von Frey) and thermal (Hargreaves test) stimuli measured. Results showed drug combination produced synergistic effects at reducing paw edema especially at lower doses, with a Loewe synergy score of 13.02 ± 8.75 in SynergyFinder and a combination index of .41 ± .18 after isobolographic analysis. Again synergy scores for decreasing response to 1.0 and 3.6 g force application of von Frey filaments after drug combination were 10.127 ± 5.68 and 8.554 ± 6.53, respectively, in SynergyFinder. Synergistic effects were also seen after drug combination in the Hargreaves test with a synergy score of 5.136 ± 16.38. In conclusion, combination of diclofenac with andrographolide showed better pharmacologic effects after carrageenan injection and was more synergistic at low-dose combinations.

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Effect of Diclofenac and Andrographolide Combination on Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema and Hyperalgesia in Rats

Abstract

Data Availability Statement

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

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