@article{e7b845b719464ea4a44710754d6ab27f,
title = "Cycle Ergometer Tests in Children With Cystic Fibrosis: Reliability and Feasibility",
abstract = "The aim of this study was to assess the reliability and feasibility of cycle ergometertests in young children with cystic fibrosis (CF). Children with CF aged 6–11 years and withstable lung disease performed two cycle ergometry tests (intermittent sprint and continuousincremental) on two occasions 1 week apart. Reliability was assessed using repeated-measures ANOVA. Bias was considered to be significant at P <0.05 level and a coefficient of variation (CV) below 10% was considered acceptable. Feasibility and acceptability data were also collected. Sixteen children with CF completed the study: (9M:7F), 8.7(1.8) years, FEV1%predicted: 88.1(17.4). Power measurements recorded during the intermittent sprint test demonstrated significant bias over days (P <0.05) and CVs were between 10% and 15%. Peak work capacity recorded during the continuous incremental test was reliable (bias P <0.05, CV <10%), as was heart rate and SpO2 recorded during both tests (bias P <0.05, CV <10%). No problems were experienced in administering the tests and all children completed both tests on two separate occasions. There was a mixed response to questions on acceptability of tests. This is the first study to provide information on the reliability of performance measures recorded during an intermittent sprint protocol (peak power) and a continuous incremental cycle ergometry (peak work capacity) in children with CF.",
author = "Lisa Kent and Brenda O'Neill and Gareth Davison and Judy Bradley",
note = "Reference text: 1. Stevens D, Oades PJ, Armstrong N, Williams CA. A survey of exercise testing and training in UK cystic fibrosis clinics. J Cystic Fibros 2010;9:302–306. 2. Pianosi P, Le Blanc J, Almudevar A. Relationship between FEV1 and peak oxygen uptake in children with cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Pulmonol 2005;40:324–329. 3. Orenstein DM, Nixon PA, Ross EA, Kaplan RM. The quality of well-being in cystic fibrosis. Chest 1989;95:344–347. 4. Nixon PA, Orenstein DM, Kelsey SF, Doershuk CF. The prognostic value of exercise testing in patients with cystic fibrosis. N Engl J Med 1992;327:1785–1788. 5. Pianosi P, Le Blanc J, Almudevar A. Peak oxygen uptake and mortality in children with cystic fibrosis. Thorax 2005;60: 50–54. 6. Ruf K, Hebestreit H. Exercise-induced hypoxemia and cardiac arrhythmia in cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2009;8:83–90. 7. Dodd JD, Barry SC, Barry RBM, Gallagher CG, Skehan SJ, Masterson JB. Thin section CT in patients with cystic fibrosis: correlation with peak exercise capacity and body mass index. Radiology 2006;240:236–245. 8. Selvadurai HC, Allen J, Sachinwalla T, McAuley J, Blimkie C, Van Asperen P. Muscle function and resting energy expenditure in female athletes with cystic fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003;168:1476–1480. 9. Berman N, Bailey R, Barstow TJ, Cooper DM. Spectral and bout detection analysis of physical activity patterns in healthy, prepubertal boys and girls. Am J Human Biol 1998;10:289– 297. 10. Van Praagh E, Dore´ E. Short-term muscle power during growth and maturation. Sports Med 2002;32:701–728. 11. Godfrey S, Davies CTM, Wozniak E, Barnes CE. Cardiorespiratory response to exercise in normal children. Clin Sci 1971; 40:419–431. 12. Gulmans VAM, De Meer K, Brackel HJL. Maximal work capacity in relation to nutritional status in children with cystic fibrosis. Eur Respir J 1997;10:2014–2017. 13. De Meer K, Gulmans VAM, van der Laag J. Peripheral muscle weakness and exercise capacity in children with cystic fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999;159:748–754. 14. Chia M, Armstrong N, Childs D. The assessment of children{\textquoteright}s anaerobic performance using modifications of the Wingate Anaerobic Test. Pediatr Exerc Sci 1997;9:80–89. 15. Hebestreit H. Exercsie testing in children—what works, what doesn{\textquoteright}t, and where to go? Paediatr Respir Rev 2004;5:S11– S14. 16. Castagna C, Impellizzeri FM, Belardinelli R, Abt G, Coutts A, Chamari K, D{\textquoteright}Ottavio S. Cardiorespiratory responses to yo-yo intermittent endurance test in nonelite youth soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 2006;20:326–330. 17. Castagna C, Manzi V, D{\textquoteright}Ottavio S, Annino G, Padua E, Bishop D. Relation between maximal aerobic power and the ability to repeat sprints in young basketball players. J Strength Cond Res 2007;21:1172–1176. 18. Dore´ E, Duche´ P, Rouffet D, Ratel S, Bedu M, van Praagh E. Measurement error in short-term power testing in young people. J Sports Sci 2003;21:135–142. 19. Quittner AL, Buu A, Messer MA, Modi AC, Watrous M. Development and validation of the Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire in the United States. Chest 2005;128:2347–2354. 20. Robinson PD, Cooper P, van Asperen P, Fitzgerald D, Selvadurai H. Using index of ventilation to assess response to treatment for acute pulmonary exacerbation in children with cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Pulmonol 2009;44:733–742. 21. Wells GD, Wilkes DL, Schneiderman-Walker J, Elmi M, Tullis E, Lands LC, Ratjen F, Coates AL. Reliability and validity of habitual activity estimation scale (HAES) in patients with cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Pulmonol 2008;43:345– 353. 22. Millar MR, Hankinson J, Brusasco V, Burgos F, Casaburi R, Coates A, Crapo R, Enright P, van der Grinten CPM, Gustafsson P, et al. ATS/ERS Task Force: standardisation of lung function testing. Number 2: standardisation of spirometry. Eur Respir J 2005; 26: 319–338. Cycle Ergometer Tests in CF 1233 Pediatric Pulmonology 23. Quanjer PH, Tammeling GJ, Cotes JE, Pedersen OF, Peslin R, Yernault J-C. Lung volumes and forced ventilatory flows. Eur Respir J 1993;6:5–40. 24. The CF Foundation. Patient registry annual data report. 2008. Available at: http://www.cff.org/uploadedfiles/research/clinicalresearch/ 2008-patient-registry-report.pdf. 25. Micklewright D, Alkhatib A, Beneke R. Mechanically versus electro-magnetically braked cycle ergometer: performance and energy cost of the Wingate Anaerobic Test. Eur J Appl Physiol 2006;96:748–751. 26. Hebestreit H, Kieser S, Ru¨diger S, Schenk T, Junge S, Hebestreit A, Ballman M, Posselt H-G, Kriemler S. Physical activity is independently related to aerobic capacity in cystic fibrosis. Eur Respir J 2006;28:734–739. 27. Gulmans VAM, de Meer K, Brackel HJL, Faber JAJ, Berger R, Helders PJM. Outpatient exercise training in children with cystic fibrosis: physiological effects, perceived competence and acceptability. Pediatr Pulmonol 1999;28:39–46. 28. Kent L, O{\textquoteright}Neill B, Davison G, Nevill A, Elborn JS, Bradley JM. Validity and reliability of cardiorespiratory measurements recorded by the LifeShirt during exercise tests. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2009;167:162–167. 29. Bradley J, Kent L, O{\textquoteright}Neill B, Nevill A, Boyle L, Elborn JS. Cardiorespiratory measurements during field tests in CF: use of an ambulatory monitoring system. Pediatr Pulmonol 2001; 46:253–260. 30. Cordon SM, Elborn JS, Hiller EJ, Shale DJ. C-reactive protein measured in dried blood spots from patients with cystic fibrosis. J Immunol Methods 1991;143:69–72. 31. Schneiderman-Walker J, Wilkes DL, Strug L, Lands LC, Pollack SL, Selvadurai HC, Hay J, Coates AL, Corey M. Sex differences in habitual physical activity and lung function decline in children with cystic fibrosis. J Pediatr 2005;147:321– 326. 32. Modi AC, Quittner AL. Validation of a disease-specific measure of health-related quality of life for children with cystic fibrosis. J Pediatr Psychol 2003;28:535–546. 33. Carlson JS, Naughton GA. Performance characteristics of children using various braking resistances on the Wingate anaerobic test. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 1994;34:362–369. 34. Boas SR, Joswiak ML, Nixon PA, Fulton JA, Orenstein DM. Factors limiting anaerobic performance in adolescent males with cystic fibrosis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1996;28:291–298. 35. Boas SR, Danduran MJ, McColley SA. Energy metabolism during anaerobic exercise in children with cystic fibrosis and asthma. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999;31:1242–1249. 36. Selvadurai HC, Blimkie CJ, Cooper PJ, Mellis CM, van Asperen PP. Gender differences in habitual activity in children with cystic fibrosis. Arch Dis Child 2004;89:928–933. 37. Bradley JM, Kent L, Elborn JS, O{\textquoteright}Neill B. Motion sensors for monitoring physical activity in cystic fibrosis: what is the next step? Phys Ther Rev 2010;15:197–203. 1234 Kent et al. Pediatric",
year = "2012",
month = dec,
day = "17",
doi = "10.1002/ppul.22578",
language = "English",
volume = "47",
pages = "1226--1234",
journal = "Pediatric Pulmonology",
issn = "8755-6863",
publisher = "John Wiley & Sons, Inc.",
number = "12",
}
