An experimental investigation into the use of biomimetic methods for thermal regulation and heat retention with PCMs in buildings

To meet the goal of net-zero emissions by 2050, integrating renewable energy into building energy supplies is a key solution, particularly through the application of solar energy. Due to the intermittent nature of solar energy, effective thermal regulation and heat transfer using thermal mass materials play critical roles in energy efficiency, safety, and performance in building applications. For solar electricity production in building integration, the high temperatures in Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) need to be regulated to avoid the reduction of solar power conversion efficiency and to maximize the utilization of excess thermal energy. This requires effective energy charging and discharging to meet energy demands. A biomimetic method has been experimentally investigated to enhance the thermal regulation and the thermal energy retention capacity of hybrid PVT-PCM/EG systems for building thermal management. By mimicking natural systems, the PVT-PCM-EG system promotes sustainability and energy efficiency, contributing to reduced energy consumption and lower carbon emissions. Based on the testing condition of around 480 Wm ^-2 and 15 °C, it is recommended that the combined two transient temperature PCM/EG A28 and A36 for the PVT-PCM/EG system can achieve the best performance for both heat retention and PV temperature regulation.