Abstract
Since Dr. Jean Ayres first ignited the spark that became Ayres Sensory Integration®
others have followed, inspired by her legacy to continue her dedicated life’s work.
This theoretical approach continues to evolve, yet its fundamental core principles
remain true to Dr Ayres’s original ideal. Empowering practitioners to set the just right
challenge, an inviting therapeutic relationship, and to entice engagement through
play was conceptualized as the art of therapy. This qualitative phenomenological
study explores the therapeutic characteristics of the art of therapy, emphasizing the
just right challenge, the therapeutic relationship and the experience of flow from the
occupational therapist’s viewpoint. Eight participants kept reflective journals and
engaged in semi-structured interviews which were analyzed using reflective thematic
analysis. Three overarching themes were developed; 1) “The Human Connection”
exploring components of the therapeutic relationship; 2) “Setting the Scene” investigating how the just right challenge is set, including the preparation and external factors involved; 3) “Magic Happens! The Optimal Experience” exploring a sense of achievement, how flow feels and how it is learned. Participants shared their unique therapeutic observations and provided clear insight into their understanding of the art of therapy. The findings demonstrated that this concept is complex and multifaceted with learning enhanced through mentorship and hands-on experiences. This highlighted the significant implications for the education and ongoing mentoring of both practicing and new clinicians. This study provided novel insight into the field
of occupational therapy using Ayres Sensory Integration® by developing a deeper
understanding of therapists’ experiences of the art of therapy.
others have followed, inspired by her legacy to continue her dedicated life’s work.
This theoretical approach continues to evolve, yet its fundamental core principles
remain true to Dr Ayres’s original ideal. Empowering practitioners to set the just right
challenge, an inviting therapeutic relationship, and to entice engagement through
play was conceptualized as the art of therapy. This qualitative phenomenological
study explores the therapeutic characteristics of the art of therapy, emphasizing the
just right challenge, the therapeutic relationship and the experience of flow from the
occupational therapist’s viewpoint. Eight participants kept reflective journals and
engaged in semi-structured interviews which were analyzed using reflective thematic
analysis. Three overarching themes were developed; 1) “The Human Connection”
exploring components of the therapeutic relationship; 2) “Setting the Scene” investigating how the just right challenge is set, including the preparation and external factors involved; 3) “Magic Happens! The Optimal Experience” exploring a sense of achievement, how flow feels and how it is learned. Participants shared their unique therapeutic observations and provided clear insight into their understanding of the art of therapy. The findings demonstrated that this concept is complex and multifaceted with learning enhanced through mentorship and hands-on experiences. This highlighted the significant implications for the education and ongoing mentoring of both practicing and new clinicians. This study provided novel insight into the field
of occupational therapy using Ayres Sensory Integration® by developing a deeper
understanding of therapists’ experiences of the art of therapy.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | e0322433 |
| Pages (from-to) | e0322433 |
| Number of pages | 19 |
| Journal | PLoS ONE |
| Volume | 20 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published (in print/issue) - 8 May 2025 |
Bibliographical note
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.Laura Hannah Kelly, Public Library of Science, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 Williams, Daly-Lynn.
Copyright: © 2025 Williams, Daly-Lynn. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Data Access Statement
Data cannot be shared publicly because of ethical restrictions on sharing sensitive data. Access to the data can be provided following a successful application to Ulster University’s Nursing and Health Research Ethics Filter Committee.Ulster University’s Research Portal contains
metadata on the dataset and instructions on
how to request access to this dataset. This
information can be accessed at https://doi.
org/10.21251/32c4bad0-0c3d-477f-ae77-
b56e25d87b78 .
Keywords
- Adult
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Occupational Therapy/methods
- Qualitative Research
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A Qualitative Exploration of the Therapeutic Qualities of the Art of Therapy from the Therapists Perspective within the Context of Ayres Sensory Integration Dataset
Daly-Lynn, J. (Creator) & Williams, B. (Creator), Ulster University, 17 Jul 2023
DOI: 10.21251/32c4bad0-0c3d-477f-ae77-b56e25d87b78
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