Abstract
The physicochemical basis of the total particle flux model, which describes the anthropogenic concentration of a chemical in lake sediment using the anthropogenic flux from the atmosphere, total particle flux in the lake, hydraulic loading (q) and distribution coefficient of the chemical (Kd), was investigated. It was found that the influence of q and Kd can be neglected if Kd is greater than a critical value of 400-600 m3 kgDS-1 and a simplified model with a total particle flux of 0.163±0.0240 kgDS m-2 yr-1 was derived for lakes in sub-regions of the UK and Ireland. The total particle flux value was shown to be realistic, as it converts to an average sediment yield of 13 tonnes km-2 yr-1, a value similar to direct estimates for the region of 10-30 and a value of 13 for similar sized catchments. As the field Kd value for Pb and PCBs in lakes and rivers is greater than the critical value, the simplified model is a physicochemical description of the anthropogenic concentration of these chemicals in lake sediment at the regional and global scales. However, the field Kd for Zn, Cu, Cd, Hg, Ni, PAHs, OCs, chlorobenzenes and chlorophenols is less than the critical value and so the simplified model does not apply to these contaminants.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 565-576 |
| Journal | Journal of Paleolimnology |
| Volume | 43 |
| Publication status | Published (in print/issue) - 2010 |
Bibliographical note
Reference text: Baker JE, Capel PD, Eisenreich SJ (1986) Influence of colloids on sediment-water partition coefficients of polychlorobiphenyls congeners in natural waters. Environmental Science and Technology 20: 1136-1143Balls PW (1989) The partition of trace metals between dissolved and particulate phases in European coastal waters: a compilation of field data and comparison with laboratory studies. Netherlands Journal of Sea Research 23: 7-14
Barlow DN, Thompson R (2000) Holocene sediment erosion in Britain as calculated from lake-basin studies. In: Foster IDL Tracers in Geomorphology, John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 455-472
Benoit G (1995) Evidence of the particle concentration effect for lead and other metals in fresh waters based on ultraclean technique analyses. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 59: 2677-2687
Boyle JF, Birks HJB (1999) Predicting heavy metal concentrations in the surface sediments of Norwegian headwater lakes from atmospheric deposition: an application of a simple sediment-water partitioning model. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 114: 27-51
Chiou CT, Peters LJ, Freed VH (1979) A physical concept of soil-water equilibria for nonionic organic compounds. Science 206: 831-832
D'Arcy P, Carignan R (1997) Influence of catchment topography on water chemistry in southeastern Quebec Shield lakes. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 54: 2215-2227
Dearing JA, Foster IDL (1993) Lake sediments and geomorphological processes: some thoughts. In: McManus J, Duck RW Geomoropholgy and Sedimentology of Lakes and Reserviors, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 5-14
Eadie BJ, Robbins JA (1987) The role of particulate matter in the movement of contaminants in the Great Lakes. In: Hites RA, Eisenreich SJ Sources and Fates of Aquatic Pollutants, American Chemical Society, Washington, 319-364
Gobas FAPC and Maclean LG (2003) Sediment-water distribution of organic contaminants in aquatic ecosystems: the role or organic matter mineralization. Environmental Science and Technology 37: 735-741
Hawthorne SB, Grabanski CB, Miller DJ (2006) Measured partitioning coefficients for parent and alkyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in 114 historically contaminated sediments: Part 1. Koc values. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 25: 2901-2911
Hinderer M, Einsele G (2001) The world's large lake basins as denudation-accumulation systems and implications for their lifetimes. Journal of Paleolimnology 26: 355-372
Hurley JP, Shafer MM, Cowell SE, Overdier JT, Hughes PE and Armstrong DE (1996) Trace metal assessment of Lake Michigan tributaries using low level techniques. Environmental Science and Technology 30: 2093-2098
Jansson MB (1988) A global survey of sediment yield. Geografiska Annaler 70: 81-98
Johansson H, Lindstrom M, Hakanson L (2001) On modelling the particulate and dissolved fractions of substances in aquatic ecosystems - sedimentological and ecological implications. Ecological Modelling 137: 225-240
Jordan C, Zhang Z (2005) A synoptic survey of Northern Ireland small lakes: sampling form the air. Phase 4: lake classification and lake nutrient loading. Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Queen's University Belfast and Environment and Heritage Service, Belfast
Kayal SI, Connell DW (1990) Partitioning of unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons between surface sediments and the water column in Brisbane River Estuary. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 41: 443-456
Lvovich MI, Karasik GY, Bratseva NL, Medvedeva GP, Maleshko AV (1991) Contemporary Intensity of the World Land Intercontinental Erosion. USSR Academy of Sciences, Moscow
McGroddy SE, Farrington JW (1995) Sediment porewater partitioning of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in three cores from Boston Harbor, Massachusetts. Environmental Science and Technology 29: 1542-1550
McLennan SM (1993) Weathering and global denudation. The Journal of Geology 101: 295-303
McManus J, Duck R.W (1996) Regional variation of fluvial sediment yield in eastern Scotland. In: Walling DE, Webb BW Erosion and Sediment Yield: Global and Regional Perspectives IAHS Publication no. 236, International Association of Hydrological Sciences, Wallingford, 157-161
Nurnberg G, LaZerte BD (2004) Modelling the effect of development on internal phosphorus load in nutrient-poor lakes. Water Resources Research 40: doi:10.1029/2003WR002410, 2004
O' Connor DJ, Connolly JP (1980) The effect of concentration of adsorbing solids on the partition coefficient. Water Research 14: 1517-1523
Pace ML, Groffman PM (1998) Needs and concepts in Ecosystem Science. In: Pace ML, Groffman PM Successes, Limitations, and Frontiers in Ecosystem Science. Springer, New York, 1-6
Radovanovic H, Koelmans AA (1998) Prediction of in situ trace metal distribution coefficients for suspended solids in natural waters. Environmental Science and Technology 32: 753-759
Rasmussen JB, Godbout L, Schalenberg M (1989) The humic content of lake water and its relationships to watershed and lake morphometry. Limnology and Oceanography 34: 1336-1343
Readman JW, Mantoura RFC, Rhead MM (1984) The physico-chemical speciation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in aquatic systems. Fresenius Journal of Analytical Chemistry 319: 126-131
Rippey B, Douglas RW (2004) Reconstructing regional-scale lead contamination of the atmosphere (1850-1980) in the United Kingdom and Ireland using lake sediments. Global Geochemical Cycles 18 GB4026, doi:10.1029/2004GB002305, 2004
Sabljic A, Gusten H, Verhaar H, Hermens J (1995) QSAR modelling of soil sorption. Improvements and systematics of log Koc vs. log Kow correlations. Chemosphere 31: 4489-4514
Schellenberg K, Leuenberger C, Schwarzenbach RP (1984) Sorption of chlorinated phenols by natural sediments and aquifer materials. Environmental Science and Technology 18: 652-657
Schindler PW (1975) The regulation of trace metals concentration in natural water systems; a chemical approach. In: Matheson DH, Elder FC Atmospheric Contribution to the Chemistry of Lake Water. International Association for Great Lakes Research, Ann Arbor, 132-145
Seth R, Mackay D, Muncke J (1999) Estimating the organic carbon partition coefficient and its variability for hydrophobic chemicals. Environmental Science and Technology 33: 2390-2394
Sigg L, Sturm M, Davis J, Stumm W (1982) Metal transfer mechanisms in lakes. Thalassia Jugoslavica 18: 293-311
Sigg L, Sturm M, Kistler D (1987) Vertical transport of heavy metals by settling particles in Lake Zurich. Limnology and Oceanography 32: 112-130
Sung W (1995) Some observations on surface partitioning of Cd, Cu, and Zn in estuaries. Environmental Science and Technology 29: 1303-1312
van Hattum B, Curto Pons MJ, Cid Montanes JF (1998) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in freshwater isopods and field-partitioning between abiotic phases. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 35: 257-267
Walling DE, Webb BW (1983) Patterns of sediment yield. In: Gregory, KJ Background to Palaeohydrology, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 69-100
Walling DE, Webb BW (1996) Erosion and sediment yield: a global overview. In: Walling DE, Webb BW Erosion and Sediment Yield: Global and Regional Perspectives IAHS Publication no. 236, International Association of Hydrological Sciences, Wallingford, 3-19