A Critical Overview of Household Slow Sand Filters for Water Treatment

B.L.S. Freitas; U.C. Terin; N.M.N. Fava; P.M.F. Maciel; L.A.T. Garcia; R.C. Medeiros; M. Oliveira; P. Fernandez-Ibañez; J.A. Byrne; L.P. Sabogal-Paz

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2021.117870

A Critical Overview of Household Slow Sand Filters for Water Treatment

B.L.S. Freitas
, U.C. Terin
, N.M.N. Fava
, P.M.F. Maciel
, L.A.T. Garcia
, R.C. Medeiros
, M. Oliveira
, P. Fernandez-Ibañez
, J.A. Byrne
, L.P. Sabogal-Paz

University of São Paulo

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

56 Citations (Scopus)

1128 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Household, or point-of-use (POU), water treatments are effective alternatives to provide safe drinking water in locations isolated from a water treatment and distribution network. The household slow sand filter (HSSF) is amongst the most effective and promising POU alternatives available today. Since the development of the patented biosand filter in the early 1990s, the HSSF has undergone a number of modifications and adaptations to improve its performance, making it easier to operate and increase users’ acceptability. Consequently, several HSSF models are currently available, including those with alternative designs and constant operation, in addition to the patented ones. In this scenario, the present paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview from the earliest to the most recent publications on the HSSF design, operational parameters, removal mechanisms, efficiency, and field experiences. Based on a critical discussion, this paper will contribute to expanding the knowledge of HSSF in the peer-reviewed literature.

Original language	English
Article number	117870
Number of pages	11
Journal	Water Research
Volume	208
Early online date	16 Nov 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2021.117870
Publication status	Published (in print/issue) - 1 Jan 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) UK Research and Innovation (SAFEWATER; EPSRC Grant Reference EP/P032427/1), The Royal Society (ICA\R1\201373 - International Collaboration Awards 2020), and the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES-PROEX - Brazil, Financial code 001) for PhD and master's scholarships awarded to Bárbara Luíza Souza Freitas, Ulisses Costa Terin and Milina de Oliveira.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd

Funding

Funding Information: This work was supported by the Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) UK Research and Innovation (SAFEWATER; EPSRC Grant Reference EP/P032427/1), The Royal Society (ICA\R1\201373 - International Collaboration Awards 2020), and the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES-PROEX - Brazil, Financial code 001) for PhD and master's scholarships awarded to Bárbara Luíza Souza Freitas, Ulisses Costa Terin and Milina de Oliveira. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Elsevier Ltd

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 6 Clean Water and Sanitation

Keywords

Biosand filter
Point-of-use
Schmutzdecke layer
Slow sand filtration
Water treatment
Family Characteristics
Filtration
Silicon Dioxide
Water Purification

Access to Document

10.1016/j.watres.2021.117870

Accepted_version_Freitas_et_al_2021_WRAuthor Accepted Manuscript, 4.22 MB

Cite this

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title = "A Critical Overview of Household Slow Sand Filters for Water Treatment",

abstract = "Household, or point-of-use (POU), water treatments are effective alternatives to provide safe drinking water in locations isolated from a water treatment and distribution network. The household slow sand filter (HSSF) is amongst the most effective and promising POU alternatives available today. Since the development of the patented biosand filter in the early 1990s, the HSSF has undergone a number of modifications and adaptations to improve its performance, making it easier to operate and increase users{\textquoteright} acceptability. Consequently, several HSSF models are currently available, including those with alternative designs and constant operation, in addition to the patented ones. In this scenario, the present paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview from the earliest to the most recent publications on the HSSF design, operational parameters, removal mechanisms, efficiency, and field experiences. Based on a critical discussion, this paper will contribute to expanding the knowledge of HSSF in the peer-reviewed literature.",

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note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) UK Research and Innovation (SAFEWATER; EPSRC Grant Reference EP/P032427/1), The Royal Society (ICA\textbackslash{}R1\textbackslash{}201373 - International Collaboration Awards 2020), and the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES-PROEX - Brazil, Financial code 001) for PhD and master's scholarships awarded to B{\'a}rbara Lu{\'i}za Souza Freitas, Ulisses Costa Terin and Milina de Oliveira. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier Ltd",

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AU - Maciel, P.M.F.

AU - Garcia, L.A.T.

AU - Medeiros, R.C.

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AU - Fernandez-Ibañez, P.

AU - Byrne, J.A.

AU - Sabogal-Paz, L.P.

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N2 - Household, or point-of-use (POU), water treatments are effective alternatives to provide safe drinking water in locations isolated from a water treatment and distribution network. The household slow sand filter (HSSF) is amongst the most effective and promising POU alternatives available today. Since the development of the patented biosand filter in the early 1990s, the HSSF has undergone a number of modifications and adaptations to improve its performance, making it easier to operate and increase users’ acceptability. Consequently, several HSSF models are currently available, including those with alternative designs and constant operation, in addition to the patented ones. In this scenario, the present paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview from the earliest to the most recent publications on the HSSF design, operational parameters, removal mechanisms, efficiency, and field experiences. Based on a critical discussion, this paper will contribute to expanding the knowledge of HSSF in the peer-reviewed literature.

AB - Household, or point-of-use (POU), water treatments are effective alternatives to provide safe drinking water in locations isolated from a water treatment and distribution network. The household slow sand filter (HSSF) is amongst the most effective and promising POU alternatives available today. Since the development of the patented biosand filter in the early 1990s, the HSSF has undergone a number of modifications and adaptations to improve its performance, making it easier to operate and increase users’ acceptability. Consequently, several HSSF models are currently available, including those with alternative designs and constant operation, in addition to the patented ones. In this scenario, the present paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview from the earliest to the most recent publications on the HSSF design, operational parameters, removal mechanisms, efficiency, and field experiences. Based on a critical discussion, this paper will contribute to expanding the knowledge of HSSF in the peer-reviewed literature.

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KW - Family Characteristics

KW - Filtration

KW - Silicon Dioxide

KW - Water Purification

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JO - Water Research

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ER -

A Critical Overview of Household Slow Sand Filters for Water Treatment

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

Access to Document

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